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PARALLEL TEXTS
NUOVE FRONTIERE PER LA LOTTA ALLA DROGA: OCCORRONO NUOVI APPROCCI
Inglese tratto da:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_CES-14-5_en.htm
Italiano tratto da:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_CES-14-5_it.htm
Data documento: 23-01-2014
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New frontiers for the “war on drugs”:new approaches are needed
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NUOVE FRONTIERE PER LA LOTTA ALLA DROGA: OCCORRONO NUOVI APPROCCI
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The European Union is failing to respond effectively to the problem of illegal drug use and the spread of ‘new psychoactive substances’, states an EESC opinion voted on 21 January.
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L'Unione europea non sta prendendo misure efficaci per contrastare il consumo di sostanze illegali e la diffusione delle "nuove sostanze psicoattive": è quanto afferma un parere del CESE votato il 21 gennaio scorso.
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Well-known “old” psychoactive substances include cannabis, cocaine, heroin, ecstasy and morphine.These are controlled – in principle – by Member States under long-standing United Nations conventions.
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Tra le ben note, più "vecchie" sostanze psicoattive figurano l'hashish, l'eroina, l'ecstasy e la morfina, controllate, in linea di principio, dagli Stati membri in base a convenzioni dell'ONU in vigore già da lungo tempo.
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But there are many other unlisted substances often sold to individuals without medical supervision or any form of risk assessment.
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Ma molte altre sostanze, non repertoriate, vengono spesso vendute senza supervisione medica e senza alcuna forma di valutazione del rischio.
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These are called ‘new psychoactive substances’ or NPS.
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Si tratta delle cosiddette "nuove sostanze psicoattive" o NSP.
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More than 300 are already known, and new ones are being identified at a rate of about one a week.
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Ne sono già note oltre 300 e all'incirca ogni settimana in Europa ne viene introdotta una nuova.
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Because they are not recognised and have not been evaluated, they are not, technically, illegal. But that does not mean they are safe.
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Non essendo riconosciute e non essendo state valutate, le NSP non sono, tecnicamente, "illegali"- il che non significa però che siano sicure.
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These ‘legal highs’ are sold to young people as alternatives “hard drugs”, often via the internet, and are especially popular in Ireland, Latvia, Poland and the UK.
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Molte di queste "droghe legali" vengono vendute ai giovani via Internet in alternativa alle cosiddette "droghe pesanti" e sono particolarmente diffuse in Irlanda, Lettonia, Polonia e Regno Unito.
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Sadly, they can lead to addiction, serious illness, and in the most tragic cases, death.
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Purtroppo, l'abuso può provocare dipendenza, malattie gravi e, nei casi più tragici, la morte.
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"Two of the main obstacles to a coherent and effective response across the EU
said David Sears, rapporteur of the EESC opinion "New
psychoactive substances"
are a lack of reliable data, and widely
varying public and political attitudes in different countries."
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"Due dei principali ostacoli da rimuovere per un'azione coerente ed efficace a livello europeo", mette in guarda David Sears, relatore del parere del CESE sulle NSP, sono la mancanza di dati affidabili e la grande eterogeneità degli atteggiamenti del pubblico e dei politici nei diversi paesi.
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In addition, the EU has little legal influence over health policy, which is decided by individual Member States.
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Inoltre, l'UE ha scarsa influenza giuridica sulla politica sanitaria degli Stati membri, che viene decisa a livello nazionale.
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The Commission’s proposal is under-resourced and unrealistic compared to what’s needed",
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La proposta della Commissione è irrealistica e le risorse previste sono irrisorie rispetto all'entità del problema".
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New strategies
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Nuove strategie
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Drug control is always a highly controversial issue, with attitudes towards best policy developing all the time.
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II controllo degli stupefacenti è sempre stato una questione estremamente controversa, e gli atteggiamenti circa la migliore politica da seguire sono in costante evoluzione.
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Some governments are tending towards a more liberal approach.
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Alcuni governi tendono ad adottare un approccio più permissivo.
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“They are considering other strategies, recognising that simply banning things doesn’t work,” says Mr Sears.
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"Stanno prendendo in considerazione altre strategie, riconoscendo che non basta vietare qualcosa per risolvere il problema", afferma Sears.
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Regulating supply is therefore only part of the answer.
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Regolamentare l'offerta è soltanto parte della soluzione.
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A better understanding of demand is equally important, and that means working with experts to collect more accurate information on all aspects of NPS use.
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È altrettanto importante comprendere meglio la domanda, e ciò significa lavorare con gli esperti per raccogliere informazioni più precise su tutti gli aspetti del consumo di NSP.
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“We have got to treat the use of NPS as a social and health problem, not a criminal activity.
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"Dobbiamo trattare l'abuso di NSP come un problema sociale e sanitario, non come un'attività criminale.
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The last thing we want to do is send more young people to prison, where they learn even worse habits,” argues Mr Sears.
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L'ultima cosa che vogliamo fare è mandare altri giovani in prigione a prendere abitudini ancora peggiori", sostiene Sears.
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Criminal sanctions should be limited to dealers looking to profit from the sale of illegal or dangerous substances.
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Le sanzioni penali dovrebbero essere limitate ai soli trafficanti che vendono sostanze illegali o pericolose per trarne profitti.
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Relative risks also need to be recognised.
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Bisogna riconoscere la relatività dei rischi.
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Alcohol, tobacco and caffeine all meet the psychoactive substance criteria, and in excessive doses the first two certainly cause greater social and health damage than most NPS.
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Sia l'alcool che il tabacco e la caffeina soddisfano i criteri previsti per le sostanze psicoattive, e in dosi eccessive i primi due provocano senz'altro danni sociali e sanitari maggiori della maggior parte delle NSP.
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And yet they are specifically excluded by EU and UN definitions.
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Eppure sono espressamente esclusi dalle definizioni dell'UE e dell'ONU.
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“Any response should be proportionate and based on data, not just on winning votes among the general public,”
Mr Sears insists. |
"Ogni eventuale azione dovrebbe essere proporzionata e basata su dati concreti, non su considerazioni elettorali", insiste Sears. |
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LISTEN WITH READSPEAKER
New frontiers for the "war on drugs":new approaches are needed
The European Union is failing to respond effectively to the problem of
illegal drug use and the spread of ‘new psychoactive substances’, states an EESC
opinion voted on 21 January.
Well-known "old" psychoactive substances include cannabis, cocaine, heroin,
ecstasy and morphine.These are controlled – in principle – by Member States
under long-standing United Nations conventions.
But there are many other unlisted substances often sold to individuals
without medical supervision or any form of risk assessment.
These are called ‘new psychoactive substances’ or NPS.
More than 300 are already known, and new ones are being identified at a rate
of about one a week.
Because they are not recognised and have not been evaluated, they are not,
technically, illegal. But that does not mean they are safe.
These ‘legal highs’ are sold to young people as alternatives "hard drugs",
often via the internet, and are especially popular in Ireland, Latvia, Poland
and the UK.
Sadly, they can lead to addiction, serious illness, and in the most tragic
cases, death.
"Two of the main obstacles to a coherent and effective response across the EU
said David Sears, rapporteur of the EESC opinion "New psychoactive substances"
are a lack of reliable data, and widely varying public and political attitudes
in different countries."
In addition, the EU has little legal influence over health policy, which is
decided by individual Member States.
The Commission’s proposal is under-resourced and unrealistic compared to
what’s needed",
New strategies
Drug control is always a highly controversial issue, with attitudes towards
best policy developing all the time.
Some governments are tending towards a more liberal approach.
"They are considering other strategies, recognising that simply banning
things doesn’t work," says Mr Sears.
Regulating supply is therefore only part of the answer.
A better understanding of demand is equally important, and that means working
with experts to collect more accurate information on all aspects of NPS use.
"We have got to treat the use of NPS as a social and health problem, not a
criminal activity.
The last thing we want to do is send more young people to prison, where they
learn even worse habits," argues Mr Sears.
Criminal sanctions should be limited to dealers looking to profit from the
sale of illegal or dangerous substances.
Relative risks also need to be recognised.
Alcohol, tobacco and caffeine all meet the psychoactive substance criteria,
and in excessive doses the first two certainly cause greater social and health
damage than most NPS.
And yet they are specifically excluded by EU and UN definitions.
"Any response should be proportionate and based on data, not just on winning
votes among the general public," Mr Sears insists.
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