|
PARALLEL TEXTS
Secondo l’avvocato generale Wahl, l’imposta spagnola sulle vendite al minuto di idrocarburi è in contrasto con il diritto dell’Unione
Inglese tratto da:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_CJE-13-141_en.htm
Italiano tratto da:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_CJE-13-141_it.htm
Data documento: 24-10-2013
1 |
According to Advocate General Wahl, a Spanish tax on retail sales of hydrocarbons is contrary to EU law
|
Secondo l’avvocato generale Wahl, l’imposta spagnola sulle vendite al minuto di idrocarburi è in contrasto con il diritto dell’Unione
|
2 |
He also advises against limiting the temporal effects of the Court’s judgment
|
Sconsiglia di limitare gli effetti nel tempo della sentenza della Corte
|
3 |
The Excise Duty Directive lays down rules relating to the levying of excise duties in the EU in order to prevent additional indirect taxes from improperly obstructing trade.
|
La direttive sulle accise stabilisce le norme sulla riscossione delle accise nell’Unione europea per impedire che imposte indirette supplementari ostacolino indebitamente gli scambi.
|
4 |
It concerns, amongst others, mineral oils such as petrol, diesel, fuel oil and paraffin.
|
Essa riguarda, in particolare, gli oli minerali (benzina, diesel, nafta e cherosene).
|
5 |
However, one of its provisions gives Member States the right to introduce or maintain indirect non-harmonised taxes on products that are already subject to rules regarding excise duty.
|
Tuttavia, una delle sue disposizioni 2 riconosce il diritto degli Stati membri di introdurre o mantenere imposizioni indirette non armonizzate su prodotti già soggetti a norme sulle accise.
|
6 |
This possibility is subject to two conditions:
|
Detto diritto è soggetto a due condizioni:
|
7 |
(i) that the tax at issue pursues a specific, non-budgetary purpose;
|
- che l’imposta abbia una finalità specifica, non di bilancio;
|
8 |
and (ii) that it complies with the rules applicable to excise duty or VAT as far as determination of the tax base, calculation of the tax, chargeability and monitoring of the tax are concerned.
|
- che rispetti le regole di imposizione applicabili ai fini dell’accise o dell’IVA sulla determinazione della base imponibile, il calcolo, l’esigibilità e il controllo dell’imposta.
|
9 |
This case reviews the compatibility with EU law of a Spanish tax (‘the IVMDH’) which is levied on the consumption of certain mineral oils (namely petrol, diesel, fuel oil and paraffin). This means that the tax is passed on to the final consumer.
|
La presente causa esamina la compatibilità con il diritto dell’Unione di un’imposta spagnola («IVMDH»), riscossa sul consumo di taluni oli minerali (benzina, diesel, nafta e cherosene), ossia ripercossa sul consumatore finale.
|
10 |
In accordance with Spanish legislation governing the IVMDH, the revenue generated from this tax has to be spent on health or environmental matters.
|
Conformemente alla normativa spagnola sull’IVMDH, il gettito di questa imposta dev’essere speso in settori relativi alla salute o all’ambiente.
|
11 |
More specifically, its aim is to ensure that the Autonomous Communities possess sufficient resources to meet the health-related costs which they took on as a result of the transfer of competences in the health sector from the national to the regional level.
|
Più specificamente, l’obiettivo dell’imposta è di garantire alle Comunità Autonome risorse sufficienti per sostenere le spese relative alla sanità causate dal trasferimento delle competenze nel settore sanitario dal livello nazionale a quello regionale.
|
12 |
Revenue generated from the IVMDH has been used, inter alia, to build new hospitals.
|
Il gettito dell’IVMDH è stato utilizzato, tra l’altro, per costruire nuovi ospedali.
|
13 |
The case arises from a claim made by Transportes Jordi Besora, S.L. (‘TJB’), a haulage company established in the Autonomous Community of Catalonia. This company purchases large quantities of fuel for its vehicles.
|
La Transportes Jordi Besora, S.L. («TJB»), impresa di trasporti avente sede nella Comunità Autonoma della Catalogna, acquista un’ingente quantità di combustibile per i suoi veicoli.
|
14 |
Between 2005 and 2008, a total amount of €45 632.38 of IVMDH was passed on to TJB.
|
Fra il 2005 e il 2008, l’importo complessivo di EUR 45 632.38 di IVMDH è stato ripercosso su TJB.
|
15 |
Considering the IVMDH to be contrary to the Excise Duty Directive, TJB has requested reimbursement of this amount.
|
Considerando l’IVMDH in contrasto con la direttive sulle accise, TJB ne ha richiesto il rimborso.
|
16 |
The Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Cataluña (High Court of Justice, Catalonia) (Spain), which is hearing the case on appeal, seeks guidance on whether the IVMDH is compatible with the Excise Duty Directive.
|
La Corte superiore di giustizia di Catalogna (Spagna), competente in sede di appello, chiede alla Corte di chiarire se l’IVMDH sia compatibile con la direttiva sulle accise.
|
17 |
In his Opinion today, Advocate General Wahl considers that the IVMDH is contrary to the Excise Duty Directive.
|
Nelle sue conclusioni odierne, l’avvocato generale Wahl considera che l’IVMDH è in contrasto con la direttiva sulle accise.
|
18 |
He examines the IVMDH in light of the two above-mentioned conditions which must be fulfilled in order for a tax such as the IVMDH to comply with the Excise Duty Directive.
|
Egli esamina l’IVMDH alla luce delle due condizioni summenzionate che devono essere soddisfatte perché un’imposta quale l’IVMDH sia conforme alla direttiva sulle accise.
|
19 |
Firstly, the Advocate General finds that a tax such as the IVMDH does not fulfil the condition concerning the existence of a specific purpose.
|
In primo luogo, l’avvocato generale ritiene che l’IVMDH non soddisfi la condizione relativa all’esistenza di una finalità specifica.
|
20 |
This is so, in particular, because the IVMDH pursues the same objective as the already harmonised excise duty on mineral oils, which consists of reducing the social (health and environmental) costs resulting from the consumption of hydrocarbons.
|
Infatti, l’IVMDH persegue lo stesso obiettivo dell’accisa già armonizzata sugli oli minerali, che consiste nel ridurre i costi sociali (in materia di salute e di ambiente) risultanti dal consumo di idrocarburi.
|
21 |
According to him, this overlap rules out the possibility of regarding the IVMDH as compatible with the requirement that the tax in question must serve a specific purpose.
|
A suo avviso, tale sovrapposizione impedisce di considerare che l’IVMDH persegue una finalità specifica.
|
22 |
Finding otherwise would compromise efforts to harmonise the excise duty regime and give rise to an additional excise duty, contrary to the very purpose of the Directive to abolish remaining barriers in the internal market.
|
Qualsiasi altra conclusione pregiudicherebbe gli sforzi di armonizzare il regime delle accise e creerebbe un’accisa supplementare, contrariamente all’obiettivo della direttiva sulle accise di eliminare le rimanenti barriere sul mercato interno.
|
23 |
The Advocate General further observes that where no such overlap exists, the structure or, alternatively, the use of the tax may help identify a specific non-budgetary purpose.
|
L’avvocato generale osserva inoltre che, laddove non sussista siffatta sovrapposizione, la struttura o, in subordine, l’utilizzo del gettito dell’imposta può aiutare ad individuare una finalità specifica non di bilancio.
|
24 |
As regards the structure, a non-budgetary purpose can be identified where a tax is set at a level which discourages or encourages certain behaviour.
|
Quanto alla struttura, sussiste una finalità non di bilancio quando un’imposta è stabilita ad un livello che incoraggia o disincentiva un certo comportamento.
|
25 |
In this case, however, he considers that there is no information suggesting that the structure of the IVMDH is in fact designed specifically to discourage the consumption of hydrocarbons or to encourage the use of some other less harmful product.
|
Nella fattispecie, tuttavia, egli considera che non vi è alcuna informazione da cui risulti che la struttura dell’IVMDH sia specificamente destinata a disincentivare il consumo di idrocarburi o a incoraggiare l’uso di altri prodotti meno dannosi.
|
26 |
With regard to the use of the tax, the revenues collected must be allocated to specific measures.
|
Quanto all’utilizzo del gettito dell’imposta, questo dev’essere destinato a misure specifiche.
|
27 |
In the present case, the mere allocation of tax revenue from the IVMDH to health and environmental measures in general does not suffice to prove that the tax pursues a non-budgetary purpose.
|
Nella fattispecie, la mera destinazione del gettito fiscale proveniente dall’IVMDH a misure in materia di salute e di ambiente in generale non è sufficiente a provare che l’imposta persegua una finalità non di bilancio.
|
28 |
In fact, no direct link has been established between, on the one hand, the measures financed with the revenue obtained from the IVMDH, and the aim of obviating and rectifying the adverse impact associated with the consumption of hydrocarbons, on the other.
|
In realtà, non è stato stabilito alcun legame diretto fra le misure finanziate dagli introiti ottenuti dall’IVMDH e l’obiettivo di prevenire e rettificare l’impatto negativo associato con il consumo di idrocarburi.
|
29 |
Secondly, the Advocate General considers that the IVMDH does not comply with the general scheme of excise duty or VAT as far as determination of chargeability is concerned.
|
In secondo luogo, l’avvocato generale considera che l’IVMDH non rispetta l’economia generale delle accise o dell’IVA per quanto riguarda la determinazione dell’esigibilità.
|
30 |
This is so because the IVMDH is levied at a point in time which does not coincide with the requirements set by either EU legislation on chargeability of excise duty or that on VAT.
|
Ciò vale poiché l’IVMDH è riscossa in un momento che non coincide con i criteri stabiliti dalla normativa dell’Unione europea sull’esigibilità delle accise o sull’IVA.
|
31 |
Unlike excise duty, which becomes chargeable once the product leaves the last tax warehouse, and VAT, which is charged at each stage of the production and distribution process, the IVMDH is charged when hydrocarbons are sold to the consumer.
|
A differenza delle accise, che diventano esigibili una volta che il prodotto lascia l’ultimo deposito fiscale, e dell’IVA, che viene riscossa in ogni fase del processo di produzione e di distribuzione, l’IVMDH è fatturata quando gli idrocarburi sono venduti al consumatore.
|
32 |
In this case, Spain has also requested the Court to limit the temporal effects of the judgment in the event that it finds the IVMDH to be contrary to EU law.
|
Nella fattispecie, la Spagna ha anche chiesto alla Corte di limitare gli effetti nel tempo della sentenza qualora essa ritenga l’IVMDH in contrasto con il diritto dell’UE.
|
33 |
In practice, this would mean that the judgment would only produce effects in the future and would not affect any taxes levied in the past.
|
In pratica, ciò significherebbe che la sentenza produrrebbe effetti solo per il futuro e non riguarderebbe imposte riscosse in passato.
|
34 |
On this issue, Advocate General Wahl observes that the Court accepts such requests only in exceptional circumstances where two conditions are met.
|
Su tale punto l’avvocato generale Wahl osserva che la Corte accoglie tali domande solamente in circostanze eccezionali in cui sono soddisfatte due condizioni.
|
35 |
On the one hand, a finding of incompatibility must entail a risk of serious economic repercussions.
|
Da un lato, la dichiarazione di incompatibilità deve comportare un rischio di gravi ripercussioni economiche.
|
36 |
On the other hand, there must also be objective and significant uncertainty concerning the interpretation and scope of the EU law provisions in question.
|
D’altro lato, vi dev’essere anche un’oggettiva e rilevante incertezza circa l’interpretazione e la portata delle disposizioni dell’UE.
|
37 |
In this respect, the Advocate General considers that a risk of serious economic repercussions cannot be ruled out given the considerable sums involved (€13 billion according to the estimate of the Spanish Government). This is so in particular because of the current precarious financial situation of Spain and its Autonomous Communities.
|
A questo proposito, l’avvocato generale considera che un rischio di gravi ripercussioni economiche non può essere escluso dati gli importi notevoli in gioco (13 miliardi di euro secondo le stime del governo spagnolo ), in particolare a causa dell’attuale precaria situazione finanziaria della Spagna e delle sue Comunità Autonome.
|
38 |
Moreover, a finding of incompatibility could in his view have serious repercussions on the system which contributes to the financing of the Autonomous Communities and upset or disrupt regional funding of health care.
|
Inoltre una dichiarazione di incompatibilità potrebbe, a suo avviso, avere gravi ripercussioni sul sistema del finanziamento delle Comunità Autonome e sconvolgere o perturbare il finanziamento regionale dell’assistenza sanitaria.
|
39 |
However, the Advocate General considers that there was no significant uncertainty as to the meaning and scope of the relevant EU legal provisions.
|
Tuttavia, l’avvocato generale ritiene che non vi fosse una notevole incertezza quanto al significato e alla portata delle rilevanti norme dell’UE.
|
40 |
In particular, when the IVMDH was adopted, the Court had already given a ruling on the incompatibility of a similar duty.
|
In particolare, quando l’IVMDH fu adottata, la Corte aveva già statuito in via pregiudiziale sulla compatibilità di un’imposta simile.
|
41 |
Lastly, the Advocate General points out that it cannot be categorically ruled out that the Court could consider limiting the temporal effects of a judgment even where the condition concerning the uncertainty as to the meaning of relevant EU law provisions is not fulfilled.
|
Infine, l’avvocato generale osserva che non può essere categoricamente escluso che la Corte limiti gli effetti temporali di una sentenza, anche quando non è soddisfatta la condizione dell’incertezza sula portata delle rilevanti norme dell’UE.
|
42 |
This would be possible in certain highly exceptional circumstances where the financial impact of retroactivity would be particularly serious.
|
Ciò sarebbe possibile in talune circostanze del tutto eccezionali, quando l’impatto finanziario della retroattività sarebbe particolarmente grave.
|
43 |
However, in this case, he cautions against discarding that criterion.
|
Tuttavia, nella fattispecie egli mette in guardia contro l’abbandono di tale criterio.
|
44 |
In fact, Spain appears to have knowingly taken the risk of going forward with the legislation in question and, as a result, that legislation has been applied for many years to the detriment of the end-user and the internal market.
|
Infatti, la Spagna ha assunto consapevolmente il rischio di mantenere la normativa in questione e, di conseguenza, essa è stata applicata per molti anni a detrimento del consumatore finale e del mercato interno.
|
45 |
NOTE:
|
IMPORTANTE:
|
46 |
The Advocate General’s Opinion is not binding on the Court of Justice.
|
Le conclusioni dell'avvocato generale non vincolano la Corte di giustizia.
|
47 |
It is the role of the Advocates General to propose to the Court, in complete independence, a legal solution to the cases for which they are responsible.
|
Il compito dell'avvocato generale consiste nel proporre alla Corte, in piena indipendenza, una soluzione giuridica nella causa per la quale è stato designato.
|
48 |
The Judges of the Court are now beginning their deliberations in this case.
|
I giudici della Corte cominciano adesso a deliberare in questa causa.
|
49 |
Judgment will be given at a later date.
|
La sentenza sarà pronunciata in una data successiva.
|
50 |
NOTE:
|
IMPORTANTE:
|
51 |
A reference for a preliminary ruling allows the courts and tribunals of the Member States, in disputes which have been brought before them, to refer questions to the Court of Justice about the interpretation of European Union law or the validity of a European Union act.
|
Il rinvio pregiudiziale consente ai giudici degli Stati membri, nell'ambito di una controversia della quale sono investiti, di interpellare la Corte in merito all’interpretazione del diritto dell’Unione o alla validità di un atto dell’Unione.
|
52 |
The Court of Justice does not decide the dispute itself.
|
La Corte non risolve la controversia nazionale.
|
53 |
It is for the national court or tribunal to dispose of the case in accordance with the Court’s decision, which is similarly binding on other national courts or tribunals before which a similar issue is raised. |
Spetta al giudice nazionale risolvere la causa conformemente alla decisione della Corte.Tale decisione vincola egualmente gli altri giudici nazionali ai quali venga sottoposto un problema simile. |
|
LISTEN WITH READSPEAKER
According to Advocate General Wahl, a Spanish tax on retail sales of
hydrocarbons is contrary to EU law
He also advises against limiting the temporal effects of the Court’s
judgment
The Excise Duty Directive lays down rules relating to the levying of excise
duties in the EU in order to prevent additional indirect taxes from improperly
obstructing trade.
It concerns, amongst others, mineral oils such as petrol, diesel, fuel oil
and paraffin.
However, one of its provisions gives Member States the right to introduce or
maintain indirect non-harmonised taxes on products that are already subject to
rules regarding excise duty.
This possibility is subject to two conditions:
(i) that the tax at issue pursues a specific, non-budgetary purpose;
and (ii) that it complies with the rules applicable to excise duty or VAT as
far as determination of the tax base, calculation of the tax, chargeability and
monitoring of the tax are concerned.
This case reviews the compatibility with EU law of a Spanish tax (‘the
IVMDH’) which is levied on the consumption of certain mineral oils (namely
petrol, diesel, fuel oil and paraffin). This means that the tax is passed on to
the final consumer.
In accordance with Spanish legislation governing the IVMDH, the revenue
generated from this tax has to be spent on health or environmental matters.
More specifically, its aim is to ensure that the Autonomous Communities
possess sufficient resources to meet the health-related costs which they took on
as a result of the transfer of competences in the health sector from the
national to the regional level.
Revenue generated from the IVMDH has been used, inter alia, to build new
hospitals.
The case arises from a claim made by Transportes Jordi Besora, S.L. (‘TJB’),
a haulage company established in the Autonomous Community of Catalonia. This
company purchases large quantities of fuel for its vehicles.
Between 2005 and 2008, a total amount of €45 632.38 of IVMDH was passed on to
TJB.
Considering the IVMDH to be contrary to the Excise Duty Directive, TJB has
requested reimbursement of this amount.
The Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Cataluña (High Court of Justice,
Catalonia) (Spain), which is hearing the case on appeal, seeks guidance on
whether the IVMDH is compatible with the Excise Duty Directive.
In his Opinion today, Advocate General Wahl considers that the IVMDH is
contrary to the Excise Duty Directive.
He examines the IVMDH in light of the two above-mentioned conditions which
must be fulfilled in order for a tax such as the IVMDH to comply with the Excise
Duty Directive.
Firstly, the Advocate General finds that a tax such as the IVMDH does not
fulfil the condition concerning the existence of a specific purpose.
This is so, in particular, because the IVMDH pursues the same objective as
the already harmonised excise duty on mineral oils, which consists of reducing
the social (health and environmental) costs resulting from the consumption of
hydrocarbons.
According to him, this overlap rules out the possibility of regarding the
IVMDH as compatible with the requirement that the tax in question must serve a
specific purpose.
Finding otherwise would compromise efforts to harmonise the excise duty
regime and give rise to an additional excise duty, contrary to the very purpose
of the Directive to abolish remaining barriers in the internal market.
The Advocate General further observes that where no such overlap exists, the
structure or, alternatively, the use of the tax may help identify a specific
non-budgetary purpose.
As regards the structure, a non-budgetary purpose can be identified where a
tax is set at a level which discourages or encourages certain behaviour.
In this case, however, he considers that there is no information suggesting
that the structure of the IVMDH is in fact designed specifically to discourage
the consumption of hydrocarbons or to encourage the use of some other less
harmful product.
With regard to the use of the tax, the revenues collected must be allocated
to specific measures.
In the present case, the mere allocation of tax revenue from the IVMDH to
health and environmental measures in general does not suffice to prove that the
tax pursues a non-budgetary purpose.
In fact, no direct link has been established between, on the one hand, the
measures financed with the revenue obtained from the IVMDH, and the aim of
obviating and rectifying the adverse impact associated with the consumption of
hydrocarbons, on the other.
Secondly, the Advocate General considers that the IVMDH does not comply with
the general scheme of excise duty or VAT as far as determination of
chargeability is concerned.
This is so because the IVMDH is levied at a point in time which does not
coincide with the requirements set by either EU legislation on chargeability of
excise duty or that on VAT.
Unlike excise duty, which becomes chargeable once the product leaves the last
tax warehouse, and VAT, which is charged at each stage of the production and
distribution process, the IVMDH is charged when hydrocarbons are sold to the
consumer.
In this case, Spain has also requested the Court to limit the temporal
effects of the judgment in the event that it finds the IVMDH to be contrary to
EU law.
In practice, this would mean that the judgment would only produce effects in
the future and would not affect any taxes levied in the past.
On this issue, Advocate General Wahl observes that the Court accepts such
requests only in exceptional circumstances where two conditions are met.
On the one hand, a finding of incompatibility must entail a risk of serious
economic repercussions.
On the other hand, there must also be objective and significant uncertainty
concerning the interpretation and scope of the EU law provisions in question.
In this respect, the Advocate General considers that a risk of serious
economic repercussions cannot be ruled out given the considerable sums involved
(€13 billion according to the estimate of the Spanish Government). This is so in
particular because of the current precarious financial situation of Spain and
its Autonomous Communities.
Moreover, a finding of incompatibility could in his view have serious
repercussions on the system which contributes to the financing of the Autonomous
Communities and upset or disrupt regional funding of health care.
However, the Advocate General considers that there was no significant
uncertainty as to the meaning and scope of the relevant EU legal provisions.
In particular, when the IVMDH was adopted, the Court had already given a
ruling on the incompatibility of a similar duty.
Lastly, the Advocate General points out that it cannot be categorically ruled
out that the Court could consider limiting the temporal effects of a judgment
even where the condition concerning the uncertainty as to the meaning of
relevant EU law provisions is not fulfilled.
This would be possible in certain highly exceptional circumstances where the
financial impact of retroactivity would be particularly serious.
However, in this case, he cautions against discarding that criterion.
In fact, Spain appears to have knowingly taken the risk of going forward with
the legislation in question and, as a result, that legislation has been applied
for many years to the detriment of the end-user and the internal market.
NOTE:
The Advocate General’s Opinion is not binding on the Court of Justice.
It is the role of the Advocates General to propose to the Court, in complete
independence, a legal solution to the cases for which they are responsible.
The Judges of the Court are now beginning their deliberations in this case.
Judgment will be given at a later date.
NOTE:
A reference for a preliminary ruling allows the courts and tribunals of the
Member States, in disputes which have been brought before them, to refer
questions to the Court of Justice about the interpretation of European Union law
or the validity of a European Union act.
The Court of Justice does not decide the dispute itself.
It is for the national court or tribunal to dispose of the case in accordance
with the Court’s decision, which is similarly binding on other national courts
or tribunals before which a similar issue is raised.
|