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PARALLEL TEXTS
Presentazione dei rapporti sulla competitività industriale
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Antonio Tajani
Inglese tratto da:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_SPEECH-13-745_en.htm
Italiano tratto da:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_SPEECH-13-745_it.htm
Data documento: 25-09-2013
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Antonio TAJANI
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Antonio Tajani
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European Commission Vice President responsible for Industry and Entrepreneurship
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Vicepresidente della Commissione europea, responsabile per l'Industria e l'Imprenditoria
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Presentation of the reports on industrial competitiveness
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Presentazione dei rapporti sulla competitività industriale
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Introduction:a mixed picture
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Introduzione: un quadro a luci e ombre
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A year ago the Commission presented a strategy for the re-industrialisation of Europe, with the objective of increasing the share of GDP earned through manufacturing from 15% to 20% by 2020.
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Un anno fa la Commissione presentava una strategia per re industrializzare l'Europa, con obiettivo di passare dal 15% al 20% del PIL sul manifatturiero entro il 2020.
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Today we are presenting two reports:
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Oggi presentiamo due rapporti:
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the first on Member States’ industrial competitiveness;
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Il primo sullo stato della competitività industriale degli Stati membri;
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the second on the competitiveness of European industry.
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Il secondo sullo stato della competitività delle industrie europee;
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Both reports show a mixed picture.
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Da entrambi i rapporti emergono luci e ombre.
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Despite some timid signs of recovery, the EU has not yet shrugged off the crisis.
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Malgrado qualche timido segnale di ripresa, l'Ue non è ancora riuscita a lasciarsi alle spalle la crisi.
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While manufacturing has grown for the second month running – also thanks to positive export figures – the industrial base continues to shrink, from 15.5% last year to the current 15.1%.
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Se il manifatturiero è in recupero per il secondo mese consecutivo, anche grazie ai dati positivi sull'export, la base industriale continua a erodersi. Dal 15.5% dello scorso anno siamo al 15,1%.
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The employment situation is dire, with half of all young people unable to find work in Greece, Portugal, Spain and southern Italy.
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Sul fronte del lavoro la situazione è drammatica, con un giovane su due che non trova lavoro in Grecia, Portogallo, Spagna o meridione d'Italia.
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To reverse this trend, a much more robust recovery is needed.
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Per invertire questo trend serve una ripresa molto più robusta.
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Unlike the United States, the EU is still a long way from its pre-crisis levels.
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Mentre, invece, a differenza degli USA, l'Ue è ancora lontana dai livelli pre-crisi.
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The data we are presenting today are in line with those published a month ago in the World Economic Forum’s competitiveness report, which shows that the EU as a whole has lost ground.
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I dati che presentiamo oggi sono in linea col rapporto sulla competitività pubblicato un mese fa dal World Economic Forum, dove emerge che i paesi Ue hanno complessivamente perso posizioni.
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The report suggests that the focus on tackling debt probably distracted our attention from issues of competitiveness.
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Da questo rapporto risulta che gli sforzi fatti per lottare contro l’indebitamento hanno, probabilmente, deviato l’attenzione dai problemi legati alla competitività.
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In the same way, our reports show that the root of the crisis is the growing competitiveness gap between European economies.
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Allo stesso modo, i nostri rapporti, evidenziano come la radice della crisi sia il crescente differenziale di competitività tra le economie europee.
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Despite purposeful action by the Commission under Europe 2020 to relaunch competitiveness and reforms in many Member States, there are still major structural imbalances.
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Malgrado una forte azione della Commissione, nel quadro di Europa 2020, per rilanciare la competitività e azioni di riforma in molti Stati membri, vi sono ancora profondi squilibri strutturali.
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The productivity gap remains wide, with some countries hampered by punitive taxation, inefficient public sectors or slow judicial systems.
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Il divario di produttività rimane ampio, con paesi gravati da fiscalità punitiva, pubblica amministrazione inefficiente o tempi della giustizia eccessivi.
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Not to mention the limited capacity for innovation, the cost of energy and inadequate infrastructure.
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Per non parlare della limitata capacità d'innovazione, dei costi dell'energia o, dell'inadeguatezza del sistema infrastrutturale.
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Four groups and many differences
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Quattro gruppi e tante differenze
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The first report on industrial competitiveness in the EU Member States identifies four groups:
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Il primo Rapporto sui livelli di competitività industriale nei diversi Stati Ue, individua quattro gruppi:
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1. Highly competitive countries (Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Austria and Luxembourg);
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1. Paesi ad alto livello di competitività (Germania, Danimarca, Svezia, Austria e Lussemburgo);
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2. Countries whose competitiveness is higher than the EU average on most of indicators, but which still need reforms (Belgium, the Netherlands, the UK, Ireland, Finland, France and Spain);
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2. Paesi con un livello di competitività superiore alla media Ue nella maggioranza degli indicatori (Belgio, Olanda, Regno Unito, Irlanda, Finlandia, Francia e Spagna), ma che devono ancora fare riforme;
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3. Countries with an average-to-low level of competitiveness, which are more or less treading water (Italy, Cyprus, Portugal, Slovenia, Malta and Greece);
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3. Paesi con livelli di competitività medio bassa (Italia, Cipro, Portogallo, Slovenia, Malta e Grecia), sostanzialmente fermi sulle proprie posizioni;
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4. Countries with a low level of competitiveness, but which are making progress (Estonia, Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania,Romania and Bulgaria).
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4. Paesi con livelli di competitività bassa (Estonia, Polonia, Slovacchia, Repubblica Ceca, Croazia, Ungheria, Lettonia, Lituania, Romania e Bulgaria), ma che stanno progredendo.
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The report groups together the countries in the first and second groups with all the countries that are above the EU average on most of the indicators.
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Nel rapporto i gruppi 1 o 2 sono riuniti in un macro gruppo con tutti i paesi che hanno la maggioranza degli indicatori superiori alla media Ue.
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The scores are based on 10 indicators, chosen from among the 30 most important indicators of industrial competitiveness:
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Le pagelle sono basate su 10 indicatori selezionati tra i 30 più significativi per la competitività industriale:
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(i) labour productivity (ii) level of training (iii) level of exports (iv) capacity to innovate (v) energy intensity (vi) cost of energy (vii) business environment (viii) adequateness of infrastructure (ix) access to credit (x) levels of investment in manufacturing.
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(i) produttività del lavoro, (ii) livello della formazione, (iii) quote di export, (iv) capacità d'innovazione, (v) intensità energetica, (vi) costo dell'energia, (vii) contesto per il business, (viii) adeguatezza delle infrastrutture, (ix) acceso al credito, (x) livelli d'investimenti nel manifatturiero.
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An industry-friendly EU not yet achieved
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L'Ue amica dell'industria resta un traguardo
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The second report on the competitiveness of European industry shows an overall improvement in the business climate and environmental sustainability, as well as a trade surplus of EUR 365 billion.
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Il secondo Rapporto sul livello di competitività dell'industria europea rileva un miglioramento complessivo del clima imprenditoriale, della sostenibilità ambientale e un avanzo commerciale di 365 miliardi di euro.
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However, domestic demand remains weak.
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Tuttavia, la domanda interna resta anemica.
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Similarly, investment is still low and has fallen by 350 billion since 2007 (from 21.1% to 17.7% of GDP).
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Inoltre, restano deboli gli investimenti, scesi dal 2007 di 350 miliardi (dal 21,1% al 17,7% del PIL).
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Whereas in 2001 the EU attracted 45% of global foreign investment, today we are at around 20%.
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Se nel 2001 l'Ue attirava il 45% degli investimenti esteri globali, oggi siamo circa al 20%.
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Access to finance has become more restrictive, particularly for SMEs.
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Si è deteriorata, specie per le PMI, la capacità di accesso ai finanziamenti.
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The cost of energy – already the highest among our competitors – has increased even further and is around double that in the United States and more than triple that in China.
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Il costo dell’energia – già il più elevato tra i nostri concorrenti - è ulteriormente cresciuto, circa il doppio degli USA e oltre il triplo che in Cina.
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Consequently, every day we read about industries leaving Europe to invest in countries where energy costs are more sustainable.
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Di conseguenza, ogni giorno leggiamo di qualche industria che chiude da noi per investire dove i costi energetici sono più sostenibili.
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All these factors have contributed to poor results in two key areas: productivity and employment.
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Tutti questi fattori hanno contribuito ai cattivi risultati in due ambiti vitali: produttività e occupazione.
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It is here that we are falling behind the United States and Japan.
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Dove perdiamo terreno rispetto a USA e Giappone.
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While the EU’s average productivity level is 126, that of Japan and the United States is 132 and 135 respectively.
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Se il livello di produttività medio Ue è 126, quello giapponese e USA sono rispettivamente 132 e 135.
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Comparison of unemployment is even less flattering:
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Ancora più impietoso il confronto sulla disoccupazione:
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7% in the United States, 3.8% in Japan and 11% in the EU.
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7% in Usa, 3.8% in Giappone e 11% nell'Ue.
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Since the start of the crisis in Europe, almost 4 million jobs have been lost in industry.
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Dall'inizio della crisi in Europa si sono persi quasi 4 milioni di posti nell’industria.
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As you can see from the slide, things are no better when it comes to innovation.
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Come si vede dalla slide, anche sul fronte dell'innovazione non va meglio.
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In the eight sectors which are key to technological and market leadership on the global stage, Europe is (just) ahead of the United States only in aerospace, pharmaceuticals and TLC equipment.
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Su 8 settori chiave nella partita globale per la leadership tecnologica e di mercato, l'Europa è avanti (non di molto) agli Usa solo su aerospazio, farmaceutico e attrezzature TLC.
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The United States is well ahead of us in biotechnology, computer hardware, internet, semiconductors and software.
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Su biotecnologie, computer, internet, semiconduttori e software gli Usa ci sovrastano di parecchie lunghezze.
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An Industrial Compact to go with the Fiscal Compact
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Patto Industriale da affiancare al Patto fiscale
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It is clear from the two reports that a process of de-industrialisation is going on in most EU Member States.
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Dai due rapporti è evidente come nella maggior parte dei paesi Ue è in corso un processo di de industrializzazione.
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In the October 2012 communication approved by the Member States, the Commission took up the challenge of reversing this continuing decline.
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Con la Comunicazione di ottobre 2012 approvata dagli Stati membri, la Commissione ha accettato la sfida di invertire il trend di declino.
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Much has already been done in the context of Europe 2020.
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Molto è stato già fatto nel quadro di Europa 2020.
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We have devised industrial plans for, among others, shipbuilding, cars, steel and construction, as well as a strategy to strengthen the defence and security industry.
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Per l'industria abbiamo portato avanti, tra gli altri, piani su cantieristica, auto, acciaio, costruzioni e una strategia per rafforzare l'industria della difesa e della sicurezza.
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The task forces for strengthening the six leading sectors identified in the communication – advanced manufacturing, key enabling technologies, the bio-economy, smart grids, raw materials, sustainable transport and construction – are operational.
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Le task forces per rafforzare i sei settori traino individuati nella comunicazione - manifatturiero avanzato, tecnologie abilitanti fondamentali, bio economia, smart grids, materie prime, trasporto e costruzioni sostenibili - sono al lavoro.
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However, today’s data show that we need to do more and act urgently.
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Ma i dati di oggi ci dicono che dobbiamo fare di più e agire con urgenza.
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A further loss of human resources and industrial capacity in key sectors could take us to a point of no return, weaken us and make us more technologically dependent.
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Un ulteriore perdita di risorse umane e capacità industriale in settori nevralgici rischia di portarci a un punto di non ritorno, rendendoci più fragili e tecnologicamente dipendenti.
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The February 2014 European Council will be the first dedicated to industry.
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Il Consiglio europeo di febbraio 2014 sarà il primo dedicato all'industria.
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It is an opportunity not to be missed.
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E' un'occasione da non perdere.
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This is why we are working on an Industrial Compact, in the context of Europe 2020, which will allow us to increase the pace of reform – both at EU and national level. This is essential if we want to attract fresh investment in industry.
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Per questo stiamo lavorando alla definizione di un Patto per l'Industria che, nel quadro di Europa 2020, consenta di accelerare il processo di riforme - sia a livello Ue che nazionale - indispensabile per attirare nuovi investimenti industriali.
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In this regard, I have written to the Ministers for Industry of the 28 Member States and intend to start a discussion on the contents of the Compact as early as tomorrow during the Competitiveness Council.
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In proposito, ho scritto una lettera ai Ministri dell'industria dei 28 Stati membri e intendo aprire una prima discussione sui contenuti del Patto già domani nel corso del Consiglio Competitività.
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As I have already explained to the Ministers, among the options to explore are the actions to take forward and the governance to implement them effectively
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Come ho anticipato ai ministri, alcune piste di riflessione riguardano sia le azioni da portare avanti, che la governance per attuarle in maniera effettiva.
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We know which problems need to be solved to unleash industrial potential:
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I nodi da sciogliere per liberare il potenziale industriale sono noti:
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a public sector that works with business, sustainable energy costs, modern infrastructure and research and training that are geared to the market.
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pubblica amministrazione alleata delle imprese, costi dell'energia sostenibile, infrastrutture moderne o, ricerca e formazione vicine al mercato.
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However, repeating like a mantra that reforms are needed – some of which we’ve been waiting a decade for – will get us nowhere.
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Ma ripetere come un mantra la necessità di riforme, che talvolta aspettiamo da un decennio, non ci farà progredire.
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This is why today I want to stress the theme of governance in making reforms effective.
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Per questo oggi voglio porre con forza il tema di una governance capace di renderle effettive.
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In the light of past experience and the urgent need to give younger generations prospects, it is vital that we question the real effectiveness of the instruments we have.
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L’esperienza passata e l'urgenza di dare prospettive alle nuove generazioni, rendono indispensabile interrogarci sulla reale efficacia degli strumenti di cui disponiamo.
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Personally, I am convinced that, to make the process of convergence between countries more effective, we must strengthen coordination with the Member States – not only in terms of macro measures for tax consolidation, but also at the micro level, which is more closely connected to industrial competitiveness.
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Personalmente, sono convinto che per rendere più effettivo il processo di convergenza tra paesi dobbiamo rafforzare il coordinamento con gli Stati membri, non solo per le misure macro di consolidamento fiscale, ma anche per la parte micro più direttamente legata alla competitività industriale.
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I think that besides the Fiscal Compact we need an Industrial Compact to balance and integrate action for growth and to attract investments and industrial manufacturing.
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Credo, dunque, che Al Patto Fiscale vada affiancato un Patto per l'Industria che riequilibri e integri l'azione per la crescita, per attirare investimenti e produzione manifatturiera.
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I believe Europe will make it
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Penso che l'Europa ce la farà.
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Going out of the crisis, reindustrialising, going back to growth and creating work is not a mission impossible.
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Uscire dalla crisi, re-industrializzare e tornare a crescere e creare lavoro non è una missione impossibile.
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I am optimistic, also because of the important steps forward that we have already done.
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Resto ottimista, anche alla luce degli importanti passi in avanti già fatti.
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It's important to go on with the reform process.
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E' importante proseguire con forza sul percorso delle riforme.
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LISTEN WITH READSPEAKER
Antonio TAJANI
European Commission Vice President responsible for Industry and Entrepreneurship
Presentation of the reports on industrial competitiveness
Introduction:a mixed picture
A year ago the Commission presented a strategy for the
re-industrialisation of Europe, with the objective of increasing the share of
GDP earned through manufacturing from 15% to 20% by 2020.
Today we are presenting two reports:
the first on Member States’ industrial competitiveness;
the second on the competitiveness of European industry.
Both reports show a mixed picture.
Despite some timid signs of recovery, the EU has not yet shrugged off
the crisis.
While manufacturing has grown for the second month running – also
thanks to positive export figures – the industrial base continues to shrink,
from 15.5% last year to the current 15.1%.
The employment situation is dire, with half of all young people unable
to find work in Greece, Portugal, Spain and southern Italy.
To reverse this trend, a much more robust recovery is needed.
Unlike the United States, the EU is still a long way from its
pre-crisis levels.
The data we are presenting today are in line with those published a
month ago in the World Economic Forum’s competitiveness report, which shows that
the EU as a whole has lost ground.
The report suggests that the focus on tackling debt probably distracted
our attention from issues of competitiveness.
In the same way, our reports show that the root of the crisis is the
growing competitiveness gap between European economies.
Despite purposeful action by the Commission under Europe 2020 to
relaunch competitiveness and reforms in many Member States, there are still
major structural imbalances.
The productivity gap remains wide, with some countries hampered by
punitive taxation, inefficient public sectors or slow judicial systems.
Not to mention the limited capacity for innovation, the cost of energy
and inadequate infrastructure.
Four groups and many differences
The first report on industrial competitiveness in the EU Member States
identifies four groups:
1. Highly competitive countries (Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Austria and
Luxembourg);
2. Countries whose competitiveness is higher than the EU average on
most of indicators, but which still need reforms (Belgium, the Netherlands, the
UK, Ireland, Finland, France and Spain);
3. Countries with an average-to-low level of competitiveness, which are
more or less treading water (Italy, Cyprus, Portugal, Slovenia, Malta and
Greece);
4. Countries with a low level of competitiveness, but which are making
progress (Estonia, Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary,
Latvia, Lithuania, Romania and Bulgaria).
The report groups together the countries in the first and second groups
with all the countries that are above the EU average on most of the indicators.
The scores are based on 10 indicators, chosen from among the 30 most
important indicators of industrial competitiveness:
(i) labour productivity (ii) level of training (iii) level of exports (iv)
capacity to innovate (v) energy intensity (vi) cost of energy (vii) business
environment (viii) adequateness of infrastructure (ix) access to credit (x)
levels of investment in manufacturing.
An industry-friendly EU not yet achieved
The second report on the competitiveness of European industry shows an
overall improvement in the business climate and environmental sustainability, as
well as a trade surplus of EUR 365 billion.
However, domestic demand remains weak.
Similarly, investment is still low and has fallen by 350 billion since
2007 (from 21.1% to 17.7% of GDP).
Whereas in 2001 the EU attracted 45% of global foreign investment,
today we are at around 20%.
Access to finance has become more restrictive, particularly for SMEs.
The cost of energy – already the highest among our competitors – has
increased even further and is around double that in the United States and more
than triple that in China.
Consequently, every day we read about industries leaving Europe to
invest in countries where energy costs are more sustainable.
All these factors have contributed to poor results in two key areas:
productivity and employment.
It is here that we are falling behind the United States and Japan.
While the EU’s average productivity level is 126, that of Japan and the
United States is 132 and 135 respectively.
Comparison of unemployment is even less flattering:
7% in the United States, 3.8% in Japan and 11% in the EU.
Since the start of the crisis in Europe, almost 4 million jobs have
been lost in industry.
As you can see from the slide, things are no better when it comes to
innovation.
In the eight sectors which are key to technological and market
leadership on the global stage, Europe is (just) ahead of the United States only
in aerospace, pharmaceuticals and TLC equipment.
The United States is well ahead of us in biotechnology, computer
hardware, internet, semiconductors and software.
An Industrial Compact to go with the Fiscal Compact
It is clear from the two reports that a process of de-industrialisation
is going on in most EU Member States.
In the October 2012 communication approved by the Member States, the
Commission took up the challenge of reversing this continuing decline.
Much has already been done in the context of Europe 2020.
We have devised industrial plans for, among others, shipbuilding, cars,
steel and construction, as well as a strategy to strengthen the defence and
security industry.
The task forces for strengthening the six leading sectors identified in
the communication – advanced manufacturing, key enabling technologies, the
bio-economy, smart grids, raw materials, sustainable transport and construction
– are operational.
However, today’s data show that we need to do more and act urgently.
A further loss of human resources and industrial capacity in key
sectors could take us to a point of no return, weaken us and make us more
technologically dependent.
The February 2014 European Council will be the first dedicated to
industry.
It is an opportunity not to be missed.
This is why we are working on an Industrial Compact, in the context of
Europe 2020, which will allow us to increase the pace of reform – both at EU and
national level. This is essential if we want to attract fresh investment in
industry.
In this regard, I have written to the Ministers for Industry of the 28
Member States and intend to start a discussion on the contents of the Compact as
early as tomorrow during the Competitiveness Council.
As I have already explained to the Ministers, among the options to
explore are the actions to take forward and the governance to implement them
effectively
We know which problems need to be solved to unleash industrial
potential:
a public sector that works with business, sustainable energy costs, modern
infrastructure and research and training that are geared to the market.
However, repeating like a mantra that reforms are needed – some of
which we’ve been waiting a decade for – will get us nowhere.
This is why today I want to stress the theme of governance in making
reforms effective.
In the light of past experience and the urgent need to give younger
generations prospects, it is vital that we question the real effectiveness of
the instruments we have.
Personally, I am convinced that, to make the process of convergence
between countries more effective, we must strengthen coordination with the
Member States – not only in terms of macro measures for tax consolidation, but
also at the micro level, which is more closely connected to industrial
competitiveness.
I think that besides the Fiscal Compact we need an Industrial Compact
to balance and integrate action for growth and to attract investments and
industrial manufacturing.
I believe Europe will make it
Going out of the crisis, reindustrialising, going back to growth and
creating work is not a mission impossible.
I am optimistic, also because of the important steps forward that we
have already done.
It's important to go on with the reform process.
|