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PARALLEL TEXTS
L'avvocato generale Bot suggerisce alla Corte di respingere i ricorsi della Spagna e dell’Italia avverso la decisione del Consiglio che autorizza la cooperazione rafforzata nel settore del brevetto unitario
Inglese tratto da:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_CJE-12-163_en.htm
Italiano tratto da:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_CJE-12-163_it.htm
Data documento: 11-12-2012
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Advocate General Bot proposes that the Court dismiss the actions brought by Spain and Italy against the Council’s decision authorising enhanced cooperation in the area of the unitary patent
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L'avvocato generale Bot suggerisce alla Corte di respingere i ricorsi della Spagna e dell’Italia avverso la decisione del Consiglio che autorizza la cooperazione rafforzata nel settore del brevetto unitario
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Enhanced cooperation must aim to further the objectives of the European Union, protect its interests and reinforce its integration process.
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Le cooperazioni rafforzate sono intese a promuovere la realizzazione degli obiettivi dell’Unione, a proteggere i suoi interessi e a rafforzare il suo processo di integrazione.
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A decision authorising enhanced cooperation is to be adopted by the Council as a last resort, when it has established that the objectives of such cooperation cannot be attained within a reasonable period by the Union as a whole.
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La decisione che autorizza una cooperazione rafforzata è adottata
dal Consiglio in ultima istanza, qualora esso stabilisca che gli obiettivi
ricercati da detta cooperazione non possono essere conseguiti entro un termine
ragionevole dall’Unione nel suo insieme.
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The decision is adopted by the Council on a proposal from the Commission and after obtaining the consent of the Parliament.
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Essa è adottata dal Consiglio, sulla base di una proposta della Commissione e dopo approvazione del Parlamento.
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By a decision adopted in 2011, the Council authorised enhanced cooperation between 25 of the 27 EU Member States – Spain and Italy having refused to participate – with a view to creating unitary patent protection.
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Con decisione adottata nel 2011 , il Consiglio ha autorizzato una cooperazione rafforzata con l’intento di istituire una tutela brevettuale unitaria tra 25 Stati membri (sui 27 dell’Unione), in quanto la Spagna e l’Italia hanno rifiutato di parteciparvi.
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The aim of that cooperation is to set up centralised EU-wide authorisation, coordination and supervision arrangements.
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Tale cooperazione mira ad attuare regimi di autorizzazione, di coordinamento e di controllo centralizzati a livello di Unione.
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Spain and Italy have asked the Court of Justice to annul the Council’s decision, maintaining that it is invalid for a number of reasons.
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La Spagna e l’Italia chiedono alla Corte di giustizia di annullare la decisione del Consiglio, adducendone l’invalidità per molteplici ragioni.
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In his Opinion delivered today, Advocate General Bot replies to the arguments put forward by Spain and Italy.
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Nelle conclusioni presentate in data odierna, l’avvocato generale Yves Bot risponde agli argomenti fatti valere da detti due Stati.
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After noting that this is the first time that the Court has been called on to consider the legality of a decision authorising enhanced cooperation, the Advocate General observes that by virtue of the principle of the separation of powers the Court may carry out only a limited review of legislative measures adopted by the Council.
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Dopo aver precisato che la Corte è chiamata, per la prima volta, a valutare la legittimità della decisione di una simile cooperazione, l’avvocato generale ricorda che, in forza del principio della separazione dei poteri, la Corte può esercitare solo un sindacato limitato sui provvedimenti normativi adottati dal Consiglio.
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It is for the institutions involved to assess, on the basis of numerous elements, the effects of enhanced cooperation, to weigh up the various interests at stake and to make political choices on matters within the specific area of responsibility of each institution.
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Difatti, incombe alle istituzioni coinvolte valutare, sulla base di numerosi elementi, gli effetti della cooperazione rafforzata, ponderare i diversi interessi in gioco e operare scelte politiche rientranti nella specifica responsabilità di ciascuna istituzione.
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The Court must thus confine itself to reviewing whether, in the exercise of that freedom of choice, the Council made a manifest error or misused its powers or manifestly exceeded the bounds of its discretion.
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La Corte si deve pertanto limitare a controllare che, nell’esercizio di tale libertà di scelta, il Consiglio non sia incorso in errore manifesto o sviamento di potere o se non abbia manifestamente ecceduto i limiti del proprio potere discrezionale.
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The Advocate General first addresses the argument that the Council was not competent to adopt the decision because the creation of a unitary patent falls within the EU’s exclusive competences, specifically, the establishment of the competition rules necessary for the functioning of the internal market.
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L’avvocato generale risponde anzitutto all’argomento addotto, secondo cui il Consiglio sarebbe stato incompetente ad adottare la propria decisione, in quanto la creazione di un brevetto unitario ricadrebbe nelle competenze esclusive dell’Unione e, in particolare, nella definizione delle regole di concorrenza necessarie al funzionamento del mercato interno.
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The Member States may establish enhanced cooperation solely in matters that are within the EU’s non-exclusive competences.
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Orbene, gli Stati membri possono instaurare una cooperazione rafforzata unicamente nelle materie rientranti nella competenza non esclusiva dell’Unione .
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The Advocate General considers that the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) establishes an exhaustive list of the areas in which the Union has exclusive competence.
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L’avvocato generale ritiene che il Trattato sul funzionamento dell’Unione europea (TFUE) stabilisca un elenco esaustivo dei settori che rientrano nella competenza esclusiva dell’Unione.
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Furthermore, the creation of a European intellectual property right falls within the scope of the internal market.
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Peraltro, la creazione di un titolo europeo di proprietà intellettuale rientra nel mercato interno.
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Whilst it is true that the rights deriving from a patent affect trade and competitive relationships within the internal market, that finding does not suffice to make it a right relating to the competition rules.
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Sebbene sia vero che i diritti derivanti da un brevetto influiscano sugli scambi e sui rapporti di concorrenza in seno al mercato interno, tale rilievo non è sufficiente per farne un titolo che rientra nelle regole di concorrenza.
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The Advocate General thus takes the view that the TFEU provides an appropriate legal basis for the creation of intellectual property rights within the framework of the establishment and functioning of the internal market, an area which comes within the competence shared between the EU and the Member States.
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L'avvocato generale è quindi dell’avviso che il TFUE conferisca un fondamento normativo adeguato per la creazione di titoli di proprietà intellettuale nell’ambito della creazione e del funzionamento del mercato interno, settore che rientra nella competenza concorrente tra l’Unione e gli Stati membri.
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The Advocate General goes on to consider the plea alleging that the Council misused its powers.
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L’avvocato generale esamina poi il motivo attinente ad un presunto sviamento di potere del Consiglio.
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He observes that enhanced cooperation must aim to further the objectives of the Union, protect its interests and reinforce its integration process.
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Egli rammenta che le cooperazioni rafforzate sono intese a promuovere la realizzazione degli obiettivi dell’Unione, a proteggere i suoi interessi e a rafforzare il suo processo di integrazione.
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The establishment of an enhanced cooperation mechanism for the unitary patent was inspired by the growing heterogeneity of the Member States and their respective interests or specific needs.
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La messa in atto di un simile meccanismo per il brevetto unitario è stata motivata da una eterogeneità crescente degli Stati membri e dai loro interessi o bisogni specifici.
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Thus, by first noting the absence of unanimity with respect to the language arrangements for the unitary patent and then deciding to deal with that deadlock by establishing enhanced cooperation, the Council merely made use of a tool available to it under the Treaties.
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Pertanto, constatando, in un primo tempo, l’assenza di unanimità per quel che riguarda il regime linguistico del brevetto unitario e decidendo, in un secondo tempo, di far fronte a tale blocco instaurando una cooperazione rafforzata, il Consiglio non ha fatto altro che ricorrere ad uno strumento a sua disposizione, conformemente alle disposizioni dei Trattati.
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In response to the plea alleging failure to respect the judicial system of the EU, the Advocate General observes that in these two actions for annulment the Court is called on to determine whether the conditions for the proper implementation of enhanced cooperation have been fulfilled.
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In risposta ad un’asserita violazione del sistema giurisdizionale dell’Unione, l'avvocato generale ricorda che, con i due ricorsi di annullamento in esame, la Corte è chiamata a verificare se le condizioni relative alla validità dell’istituzione della cooperazione rafforzata siano state rispettate.
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He notes that the creation of a specific judicial system for unitary patents is not among the conditions required by the Treaties for the implementation of enhanced cooperation.
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Egli osserva che la creazione di un sistema giurisdizionale specifico per i brevetti unitari non rientra fra le condizioni richieste dai Trattati per l’instaurazione di una cooperazione rafforzata.
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The authorisation granted by the Council for the setting up of enhanced cooperation is merely the premiss for the adoption of other legislative acts which will then have to give specific effect to that cooperation.
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L’autorizzazione rilasciata dal Consiglio per l’instaurazione di una cooperazione rafforzata è soltanto la premessa dell’adozione di altri atti legislativi che dovranno, pertanto, darle concreta attuazione.
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Advocate General Bot states that enhanced cooperation must come into play ‘as a last resort’ when the objectives pursued cannot be attained within a reasonable period by the EU as a whole.
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L'avvocato generale rileva che la cooperazione deve avvenire «in ultima istanza», qualora gli obiettivi ricercati non possano essere conseguiti entro un termine ragionevole dall’Unione nel suo insieme.
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He notes that the Treaties do not define either the last resort condition or the concept of a reasonable period.
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Egli osserva che i Trattati non definiscono né il requisito dell’ultima istanza né la nozione di termine ragionevole.
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In his view, the ‘last resort’ is not necessarily the fact that a legislative proposal has been rejected by a vote but rather the fact that there is a genuine deadlock, which could arise at all levels of the legislative process and which demonstrates that it is impossible to arrive at a compromise.
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A suo giudizio, l’ultima istanza non consiste necessariamente nella constatazione del rigetto di una proposta di legge, quanto piuttosto nella constatazione dell’esistenza di un vero e proprio blocco, che potrebbe intervenire a tutti i livelli del processo legislativo e che dimostra l’impossibilità di arrivare a un compromesso.
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Enhanced cooperation would thus be the tool used as a last resort, where it is established that no compromise will be found by means of the normal legislative procedure.
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La cooperazione rafforzata sarebbe dunque lo strumento utilizzato in ultima istanza, quando è chiaro che non sarà possibile trovare alcun compromesso tramite la procedura legislativa abituale.
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The Advocate General considers that the Council, which is familiar with all the ins and outs of the legislative process, the terms of the discussions and the situations giving rise to deadlock, is still best placed to assess whether, in time, an agreement might be reached within it.
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L'avvocato generale ritiene che il Consiglio, che conosce tutti i dettagli del processo legislativo, il tenore dei dibattiti instaurati e le situazioni di stallo, resta nella posizione migliore per valutare se, col tempo, sia possibile trovare un accordo al suo interno.
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It thus has a wide discretion to determine whether enhanced cooperation is in fact adopted as a last resort since the objectives pursued cannot be attained within a reasonable period by the EU as a whole.
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Esso dispone pertanto di un ampio margine di discrezionalità per stabilire se la cooperazione rafforzata sia stata effettivamente adottata in ultima istanza, dato che gli obiettivi ricercati non potevano essere conseguiti entro un termine ragionevole dall’Unione nel suo insieme.
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The Court must therefore confine itself to reviewing whether the Council has examined, carefully and impartially, all the relevant matters.
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Di conseguenza, la Corte deve limitarsi a valutare se il Consiglio abbia esaminato, in modo accurato e imparziale, tutti gli elementi rilevanti.
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In the Advocate General’s view, the Council, in relation to the present case, has not made a manifest error of assessment, since, after years of fruitless discussions, it was unable to secure a unanimous vote and be successful in an action with the participation of all the Member States.
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Secondo l’avvocato generale, nel caso specifico il Consiglio non ha commesso alcun errore manifesto di valutazione, poiché, dopo anni di discussioni senza successo , esso era nell’incapacità di ottenere l’unanimità dei pareri e di pervenire ad un’azione con la partecipazione di tutti gli Stati membri.
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Consequently, the Advocate General considers the plea alleging breach of the last resort condition to be unfounded.
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Di conseguenza, l’avvocato generale ritiene che il motivo attinente alla violazione del requisito dell’ultima istanza non sia fondato.
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Advocate General Bot then expresses his view on the arguments concerning detriment to the internal market and to economic, social and territorial cohesion, barriers to and discrimination in trade between Member States and alleged distortions of competition.
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L’avvocato generale si pronuncia poi sull’argomento relativo al pregiudizio al mercato interno e alla coesione economica, sociale e territoriale, all’ostacolo e alla discriminazione negli scambi tra gli Stati membri, nonché alle presunte distorsioni di concorrenza.
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He points out that the decision authorising the setting up of enhanced cooperation defines the procedural framework within which other acts will subsequently be adopted.
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Egli ricorda che la decisione di autorizzare l’instaurazione di una cooperazione rafforzata definisce l’ambito procedurale in cui altri atti verranno successivamente adottati.
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Judicial review of the authorisation decision must thus not be confused with review of the acts subsequently adopted.
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Pertanto, il sindacato giurisdizionale sulla decisione di autorizzazione non può confondersi con quello sugli atti adottati successivamente.
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The Council did indeed refer in the decision to what the language arrangements for the unitary patent might be but that question is not a condition that determines the validity of the decision authorising enhanced cooperation.
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È vero che il Consiglio, nella sua decisione, ha effettivamente accennato a quello che potrebbe essere il regime linguistico del brevetto unitario, ma tale questione non è una condizione determinante per la validità della decisione di autorizzazione di una cooperazione rafforzata.
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That question would have to be addressed at a later stage and form the subject-matter of a separate act adopted unanimously by the participating Member States.
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Essa dovrebbe essere affrontata successivamente e costituire oggetto di un atto separato, adottato all’unanimità dagli Stati membri partecipanti.
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The Court would then be able to carry out a review of that act in the context of any action that might subsequently be brought.
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La Corte potrebbe in seguito procedere al controllo giurisdizionale di detto atto nell’ambito di un eventuale ulteriore ricorso.
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The Advocate General thus does not consider the Council’s assessment to be vitiated by a manifest error.
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L'avvocato generale ritiene che, pertanto, la valutazione del Consiglio non sia viziata da un errore manifesto.
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Rather, he is of the view that a mechanism intended to create a unitary patent would have the effect of conferring uniform protection on the territory of several Member States and of contributing to the harmonious development of the Union as a whole by reducing the existing disparities between those Member States.
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Al contrario, egli è del parere che un meccanismo destinato alla creazione di un brevetto unitario avrebbe l’effetto di conferire una tutela uniforme nel territorio di più Stati membri e di contribuire allo sviluppo armonioso di tutta l’Unione, riducendo le disparità esistenti tra questi Stati membri.
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Moreover, all economic operators could enjoy the benefit of such a patent, since the place of origin of the applicant for a unitary patent is irrelevant for the purpose of obtaining it.
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Inoltre, tutti gli operatori economici potrebbero trarre beneficio da un brevetto del genere, dato che il luogo di origine del richiedente del brevetto unitario non è rilevante ai fini del suo ottenimento.
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Finally, with regard to the alleged infringement of the obligation to respect the competences, rights and obligations of those Member States which do not participate in the enhanced cooperation (according to the Spanish government, under the draft regulation the the language arrangements which would be put in place would oblige a non-participating Member State to waive its right to translation of the patent specification into its language as such a translation would not produce any legal effects on its territory), the Advocate General considers that, here again, the question of those language arrangements is not a condition that determines the validity of the decision authorising enhanced cooperation.
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Infine, quanto alla presunta violazione dell’obbligo di rispettare le competenze, i diritti e gli obblighi degli Stati membri che non partecipano alla cooperazione rafforzata (secondo il governo spagnolo, che si fonda sul progetto di regolamento che dà attuazione alla cooperazione rafforzata, il regime linguistico previsto costringerebbe lo Stato membro che non vi partecipa a rinunciare alla traduzione del fascicolo del brevetto nella sua lingua, non potendo detta traduzione produrre effetti giuridici nel territorio di questo Stato), l'avvocato generale ritiene, anche in questo caso, che la questione del regime linguistico non sia una condizione determinante per la validità della decisione di autorizzazione di una cooperazione rafforzata.
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The Advocate General therefore proposes that the Court should reject all the pleas put forward by Spain and Italy and, consequently, dismiss both actions.
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Di conseguenza, l’avvocato generale suggerisce alla Corte di respingere tutti i motivi dedotti dalla Spagna e dall’Italia e, quindi, di rigettare entrambi i ricorsi.
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NOTE:
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IMPORTANTE:
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The Advocate General’s Opinion is not binding on the Court of Justice.
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Le conclusioni dell'avvocato generale non vincolano la Corte di giustizia.
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It is the role of the Advocates General to propose to the Court, in complete independence, a legal solution to the cases for which they are responsible.
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Il compito dell'avvocato generale consiste nel proporre alla Corte, in piena indipendenza, una soluzione giuridica nella causa per la quale è stato designato.
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The Judges of the Court are now beginning their deliberations in this case.
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I giudici della Corte cominciano adesso a deliberare in questa causa.
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Judgment will be given at a later date.
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La sentenza sarà pronunciata in una data successiva.
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NOTE:
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IMPORTANTE:
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An action for annulment seeks the annulment of acts of the institutions of the European Union that are contrary to European Union law.
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Il ricorso di annullamento mira a far annullare atti delle istituzioni dell’Unione contrari al diritto dell’Unione.
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The Member States, the European institutions and individuals may, under certain conditions, bring an action for annulment before the Court of Justice or the General Court.
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A determinate condizioni, gli Stati membri, le istituzioni europee e i privati possono investire la Corte di giustizia o il Tribunale di un ricorso di annullamento.
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If the action is well founded, the act is annulled.
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Se il ricorso è fondato, l'atto viene annullato.
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The institution concerned must fill any legal vacuum created by the annulment of the act. |
L'istituzione interessata deve rimediare all’eventuale lacuna giuridica creata dall’annullamento dell’atto. |
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LISTEN WITH READSPEAKER
Advocate General Bot proposes that the Court dismiss the actions brought
by Spain and Italy against the Council’s decision authorising enhanced
cooperation in the area of the unitary patent
Enhanced cooperation must aim to further the objectives of the European
Union, protect its interests and reinforce its integration process.
A decision authorising enhanced cooperation is to be adopted by the
Council as a last resort, when it has established that the objectives of such
cooperation cannot be attained within a reasonable period by the Union as a
whole.
The decision is adopted by the Council on a proposal from the
Commission and after obtaining the consent of the Parliament.
By a decision adopted in 2011, the Council authorised enhanced
cooperation between 25 of the 27 EU Member States – Spain and Italy having
refused to participate – with a view to creating unitary patent protection.
The aim of that cooperation is to set up centralised EU-wide
authorisation, coordination and supervision arrangements.
Spain and Italy have asked the Court of Justice to annul the Council’s
decision, maintaining that it is invalid for a number of reasons.
In his Opinion delivered today, Advocate General Bot replies to the
arguments put forward by Spain and Italy.
After noting that this is the first time that the Court has been called
on to consider the legality of a decision authorising enhanced cooperation, the
Advocate General observes that by virtue of the principle of the separation of
powers the Court may carry out only a limited review of legislative measures
adopted by the Council.
It is for the institutions involved to assess, on the basis of numerous
elements, the effects of enhanced cooperation, to weigh up the various interests
at stake and to make political choices on matters within the specific area of
responsibility of each institution.
The Court must thus confine itself to reviewing whether, in the
exercise of that freedom of choice, the Council made a manifest error or misused
its powers or manifestly exceeded the bounds of its discretion.
The Advocate General first addresses the argument that the Council was
not competent to adopt the decision because the creation of a unitary patent
falls within the EU’s exclusive competences, specifically, the establishment of
the competition rules necessary for the functioning of the internal market.
The Member States may establish enhanced cooperation solely in matters
that are within the EU’s non-exclusive competences.
The Advocate General considers that the Treaty on the Functioning of
the European Union (TFEU) establishes an exhaustive list of the areas in which
the Union has exclusive competence.
Furthermore, the creation of a European intellectual property right
falls within the scope of the internal market.
Whilst it is true that the rights deriving from a patent affect trade
and competitive relationships within the internal market, that finding does not
suffice to make it a right relating to the competition rules.
The Advocate General thus takes the view that the TFEU provides an
appropriate legal basis for the creation of intellectual property rights within
the framework of the establishment and functioning of the internal market, an
area which comes within the competence shared between the EU and the Member
States.
The Advocate General goes on to consider the plea alleging that the
Council misused its powers.
He observes that enhanced cooperation must aim to further the
objectives of the Union, protect its interests and reinforce its integration
process.
The establishment of an enhanced cooperation mechanism for the unitary
patent was inspired by the growing heterogeneity of the Member States and their
respective interests or specific needs.
Thus, by first noting the absence of unanimity with respect to the
language arrangements for the unitary patent and then deciding to deal with that
deadlock by establishing enhanced cooperation, the Council merely made use of a
tool available to it under the Treaties.
In response to the plea alleging failure to respect the judicial system
of the EU, the Advocate General observes that in these two actions for annulment
the Court is called on to determine whether the conditions for the proper
implementation of enhanced cooperation have been fulfilled.
He notes that the creation of a specific judicial system for unitary
patents is not among the conditions required by the Treaties for the
implementation of enhanced cooperation.
The authorisation granted by the Council for the setting up of enhanced
cooperation is merely the premiss for the adoption of other legislative acts
which will then have to give specific effect to that cooperation.
Advocate General Bot states that enhanced cooperation must come into
play ‘as a last resort’ when the objectives pursued cannot be attained within a
reasonable period by the EU as a whole.
He notes that the Treaties do not define either the last resort
condition or the concept of a reasonable period.
In his view, the ‘last resort’ is not necessarily the fact that a
legislative proposal has been rejected by a vote but rather the fact that there
is a genuine deadlock, which could arise at all levels of the legislative
process and which demonstrates that it is impossible to arrive at a compromise.
Enhanced cooperation would thus be the tool used as a last resort,
where it is established that no compromise will be found by means of the normal
legislative procedure.
The Advocate General considers that the Council, which is familiar with
all the ins and outs of the legislative process, the terms of the discussions
and the situations giving rise to deadlock, is still best placed to assess
whether, in time, an agreement might be reached within it.
It thus has a wide discretion to determine whether enhanced cooperation
is in fact adopted as a last resort since the objectives pursued cannot be
attained within a reasonable period by the EU as a whole.
The Court must therefore confine itself to reviewing whether the
Council has examined, carefully and impartially, all the relevant matters.
In the Advocate General’s view, the Council, in relation to the present
case, has not made a manifest error of assessment, since, after years of
fruitless discussions, it was unable to secure a unanimous vote and be
successful in an action with the participation of all the Member States.
Consequently, the Advocate General considers the plea alleging breach
of the last resort condition to be unfounded.
Advocate General Bot then expresses his view on the arguments
concerning detriment to the internal market and to economic, social and
territorial cohesion, barriers to and discrimination in trade between Member
States and alleged distortions of competition.
He points out that the decision authorising the setting up of enhanced
cooperation defines the procedural framework within which other acts will
subsequently be adopted.
Judicial review of the authorisation decision must thus not be confused
with review of the acts subsequently adopted.
The Council did indeed refer in the decision to what the language
arrangements for the unitary patent might be but that question is not a
condition that determines the validity of the decision authorising enhanced
cooperation.
That question would have to be addressed at a later stage and form the
subject-matter of a separate act adopted unanimously by the participating Member
States.
The Court would then be able to carry out a review of that act in the
context of any action that might subsequently be brought.
The Advocate General thus does not consider the Council’s assessment to
be vitiated by a manifest error.
Rather, he is of the view that a mechanism intended to create a unitary
patent would have the effect of conferring uniform protection on the territory
of several Member States and of contributing to the harmonious development of
the Union as a whole by reducing the existing disparities between those Member
States.
Moreover, all economic operators could enjoy the benefit of such a
patent, since the place of origin of the applicant for a unitary patent is
irrelevant for the purpose of obtaining it.
Finally, with regard to the alleged infringement of the obligation to
respect the competences, rights and obligations of those Member States which do
not participate in the enhanced cooperation (according to the Spanish
government, under the draft regulation the the language arrangements which would
be put in place would oblige a non-participating Member State to waive its right
to translation of the patent specification into its language as such a
translation would not produce any legal effects on its territory), the Advocate
General considers that, here again, the question of those language arrangements
is not a condition that determines the validity of the decision authorising
enhanced cooperation.
The Advocate General therefore proposes that the Court should reject
all the pleas put forward by Spain and Italy and, consequently, dismiss both
actions.
NOTE:
The Advocate General’s Opinion is not binding on the Court of Justice.
It is the role of the Advocates General to propose to the Court, in
complete independence, a legal solution to the cases for which they are
responsible.
The Judges of the Court are now beginning their deliberations in this
case.
Judgment will be given at a later date.
NOTE:
An action for annulment seeks the annulment of acts of the institutions
of the European Union that are contrary to European Union law.
The Member States, the European institutions and individuals may, under
certain conditions, bring an action for annulment before the Court of Justice or
the General Court.
If the action is well founded, the act is annulled.
The institution concerned must fill any legal vacuum created by the
annulment of the act. |