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September
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Full breakfast
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Seamus Heaney
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Superman
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2013 Ghouta attacks in Syria
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Stone paper
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Look Back in Anger
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Emmy Award
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Pun
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Dolce & Gabbana
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Russia
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Stock market bubble
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Rare earths
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Sophia Loren
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Steganography
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Deindustrialization
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Subject-auxiliary inversion
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Phrasal verb
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Labyrinth
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Goalkeeper (football)
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The Decameron
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Umberto Eco
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Taser
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Territorial claims in the Arctic
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Google Glass
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Pizza
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Linux Operating System
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Augmented reality
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Charlie Chaplin
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Lincoln (film)
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Diwali
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WIKIMAG n. 10 - Settembre 2013
Seamus Heaney
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Traduzione
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- Togli il segno di spunta per disattivarla
Seamus Heaney |
|
Born |
Seamus Justin Heaney
13 April 1939
Castledawson,
Northern Ireland |
Died |
30 August 2013 (aged 74)
Dublin,
Ireland |
Occupation |
Poet, playwright, translator |
Nationality |
Irish |
Period |
1966 – 2013 |
Notable work(s) |
|
Notable award(s) |
|
Spouse(s) |
Ann Devlin (1965–2013)[1][2] |
Children |
- Michael
- Christopher
- Catherine Ann
[1][2]
|
Seamus Justin Heaney,
MRIA (/
/;
13 April 1939 – 30 August 2013) was an
Irish poet, playwright, translator and lecturer, and the recipient
of the 1995
Nobel Prize in Literature.[1][2]
In the early 1960s he became a lecturer in
Belfast
after attending
university there, and began to publish poetry. Heaney resided in
Sandymount,
Dublin
from 1972 onward.[2][3][dead
link][4]
Heaney became a member of
Aosdána
when it was formed in 1981 and was elected
Saoi in
1997. He was a professor at
Harvard from 1981 to 1997 and its Poet in Residence from 1988 to
2006. From 1989 to 1994 he was also the
Professor of Poetry at
Oxford and in 1996 was made a
Commandeur de l'Ordre
des Arts et Lettres. Other awards that Heaney received include the
Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize (1968), the
E. M. Forster Award (1975), the
PEN Translation Prize (1985), the
Golden Wreath of Poetry (2001),
T. S. Eliot Prize (2006) and two
Whitbread Prizes (1996 and 1999).[5][6]
In 2012, he was awarded the Lifetime Recognition Award from the
Griffin Trust For Excellence In Poetry. Heaney's literary papers are
held by the
National Library of Ireland.
Robert Pinsky observed of Heaney, "with his wonderful gift of eye
and ear Heaney has the gift of the story-teller".[7]
Robert Lowell called him "the most important Irish poet since
Yeats" and many others, including the academic
John Sutherland, have echoed the sentiment that he was "the greatest
poet of our age".[5][6]
Upon his death in 2013
The Independent described him as "probably the best-known poet
in the world".[8]
Early life
From Mid-Term Break
Wearing a poppy bruise on the left temple,
He lay in the four foot box as in a cot.
No gaudy scars, the bumper knocked him clear.
A four foot box, a foot for every year.
“
”
Heaney was born on 13 April 1939, at the family farmhouse called
Mossbawn,[3][dead
link] between
Castledawson and
Toomebridge in
County Londonderry,
Northern Ireland; he was the first of nine children. In 1953, his
family moved to
Bellaghy, a few miles away, which is now the family home. His
father, Patrick Heaney, was the eighth child of ten born to James and
Sarah Heaney.[9]
Patrick was a farmer, but his real commitment was to cattle-dealing, to
which he was introduced by the uncles who had cared for him after the
early death of his own parents.[10]
Heaney's mother, Margaret Kathleen McCann, came from the McCann
family,[11]
whose uncles and relations were employed in the local
linen mill,
and whose aunt had worked as a maid for the mill owner's family. The
poet commented on the fact that his parentage thus contained both the
Ireland of the cattle-herding Gaelic past and the Ulster of the
Industrial Revolution; he considered this to have been a significant
tension in his background. Heaney initially attended Anahorish Primary
School, and when he was twelve years old, he won a scholarship to
St. Columb's College, a Roman Catholic boarding school situated in
Derry.
Heaney's brother, Christopher, was killed in a road accident at the age
of four, while Heaney was studying at St. Columb's. The poems "Mid-Term
Break" and "The
Blackbird of Glanmore" focus on his brother's death.[12]
Career
1957–69
From "Digging"
My grandfather cut more turf in a day
Than any other man on Toner's bog.
Once I carried him milk in a bottle
Corked sloppily with paper. He straightened up
To drink it, then fell to right away
Nicking and slicing neatly, heaving sods
Over his shoulder, going down and down
For the good turf. Digging.
The cold smell of potato mould, the squelch and slap
Of soggy peat, the curt cuts of an edge
Through living roots awaken in my head.
But I've no spade to follow men like them.
Between my finger and my thumb
The squat pen rests.
I'll dig with it.
“
”
from "Digging", Death of a Naturalist (1966)
In 1957, Heaney travelled to Belfast to study English Language and
Literature at
Queen's University Belfast. During his time in Belfast, he found a
copy of
Ted
Hughes's Lupercal, which spurred him to write poetry.
"Suddenly, the matter of contemporary poetry was the material of my own
life," he said.[5]
He graduated in 1961 with a First Class Honours degree. During teacher
training at St Joseph's Teacher Training College in Belfast (now merged
with
St Mary's, University College), Heaney went on a placement to St
Thomas' secondary Intermediate School in west Belfast. The headmaster of
this school was the writer
Michael McLaverty from
County Monaghan, who introduced Heaney to the poetry of
Patrick Kavanagh.[13][14]
With McLaverty's mentorship, Heaney first started to publish poetry,
beginning in 1962. Hillal describes how McLaverty was like a foster
father to the younger Belfast poet.[15]
In the introduction to McLaverty's Collected works, Heaney
summarised the poet's contribution and influence: "His voice was
modestly pitched, he never sought the limelight, yet for all that, his
place in our literature is secure."[16]
Heaney's poem Fosterage, in the sequence Singing School
from
North (1975) is dedicated to him.
In 1963, Heaney became a lecturer at St Joseph's and in the spring of
1963, after contributing various articles to local magazines, he came to
the attention of
Philip Hobsbaum, then an English lecturer at Queen's University.
Hobsbaum was to set up a Belfast Group of local young poets (to mirror
the success he had with the London group) and this would bring Heaney
into contact with other Belfast poets such as
Derek Mahon and
Michael Longley. In August 1965 he married Marie Devlin, a school
teacher and native of
Ardboe,
County Tyrone. (Devlin is a writer herself and, in 1994, published
Over Nine Waves, a collection of traditional Irish myths and
legends.) Heaney's first book, Eleven Poems, was published in
November 1965 for the Queen's University Festival. In 1966,
Faber and Faber published his first major volume, called
Death of a Naturalist. This collection met with much critical
acclaim and went on to win several awards, the Gregory Award for Young
Writers and the Geoffrey Faber Prize.[14]
Also in 1966, he was appointed as a lecturer in Modern English
Literature at
Queen's University Belfast and his first son, Michael, was born. A
second son, Christopher, was born in 1968. That same year, with
Michael Longley, Heaney took part in a reading tour called Room
to Rhyme, which led to much exposure for the poet's work. In 1969,
his second major volume,
Door into the Dark, was published.
1970–84
After a spell as guest lecturer at the
University of California, Berkeley, he returned to Queen's
University in 1971. In 1972, Heaney left his lectureship at Belfast and
moved to
Dublin in the
Republic of Ireland, working as a teacher at
Carysfort College. In 1972,
Wintering Out was published, and over the next few years Heaney
began to give readings throughout Ireland, Britain, and the United
States. In 1975, Heaney published his fourth volume,
North. Also published was
Stations. He became Head of English at Carysfort College in
Dublin in 1976. His next volume,
Field Work, was published in 1979.
Selected Poems 1965-1975 and Preoccupations: Selected Prose
1968–1978 were published in 1980. When
Aosdána,
the national Irish Arts Council, was established in 1981, Heaney was
among those elected into its first group (he was subsequently elected a
Saoi, one
of its five elders and its highest honour, in 1997).[17]
Also in 1981, he left Carysfort to become visiting professor at
Harvard University, where he was affiliated with
Adams House. He was awarded two honorary doctorates, from Queen's
University and from
Fordham University in New York City (1982). At the Fordham
commencement ceremony in 1982, Heaney delivered the commencement address
in a 46-stanza poem entitled Verses for a Fordham Commencement.
As he was born and educated in
Northern Ireland, Heaney felt the need to emphasise that he was
Irish and not British.[18]
Following the success of the
Field Day Theatre Company's production of
Brian Friel's
Translations, Heaney joined the company's expanded Board of
Directors in 1981, when the company's founders Brian Friel and
Stephen Rea decided to make the company a permanent group.[19]
In 1984, his mother, Margaret, died.[20]
1985–99
Seamus and Marie Heaney at the Dominican Church,
Kraków, Poland, 4 October 1996
Heaney was Boylston Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory at
Harvard University (formerly Visiting Professor) 1985–1997 and Ralph
Waldo Emerson Poet in Residence at Harvard 1998–2006.[21]
In 1986, Heaney received a Litt.D. from
Bates College. His father, Patrick, died soon after publication of
the 1987 volume,
The Haw Lantern. In 1988, a collection of critical essays called
The Government of the Tongue was published.
In 1989, Heaney was elected
Professor of Poetry at the
University of Oxford, which he held for a five-year term to 1994.
The chair does not require residence in Oxford, and throughout this
period he was dividing his time between Ireland and America. He also
continued to give public readings; so well attended and keenly
anticipated were these events that those who queued for tickets with
such enthusiasm were sometimes dubbed "Heaneyboppers", suggesting an
almost
teenybopper fanaticism on the part of his supporters.[22]
Heaney was named an Honorary Patron of the
University Philosophical Society,
Trinity College, Dublin, and was elected an Honorary Fellow of the
Royal Society of Literature (1991).[23]
In 1993, Heaney guest-edited
The Mays Anthology, a collection of new writing from students at the
University of Oxford and
University of Cambridge. In 1990,
The Cure at Troy, a play based on
Sophocles's
Philoctetes,[24]
was published to much acclaim, followed by
Seeing Things in 1991.
Heaney was awarded the
Nobel Prize in Literature in 1995 for what the Nobel committee
described as "works of lyrical beauty and ethical depth, which exalt
everyday miracles and the living past".[25]
He was on holiday in
Greece
with his wife when the news broke and no one, not even journalists or
his own children, could find him until he appeared at
Dublin Airport two days later, though an Irish television camera
traced him to
Kalamata. Asked how it felt having his name to the Irish Nobel
pantheon featuring
William Butler Yeats,
George Bernard Shaw and
Samuel Beckett, Heaney responded: "It's like being a little foothill
at the bottom of a mountain range. You hope you just live up to it. It's
extraordinary." He and Marie were immediately whisked straight from the
airport to
Áras an Uachtaráin for champagne with the then
President
Mary Robinson.[26]
Heaney's 1996 collection
The Spirit Level won the
Whitbread Book of the Year Award and repeated the success with the
release of
Beowulf: A New Translation.[27]
In 1996, Heaney was elected a Member of the Royal Irish Academy, and
admitted in 1997.[28]
2000s
In 2000, Heaney was awarded an honorary doctorate and delivered the
commencement address at the
University of Pennsylvania.[29]
In 2002, Heaney was awarded an honorary doctorate from
Rhodes University and delivered a public lecture on "The Guttural
Muse".[30]
In 2003, the
Seamus Heaney Centre for Poetry was opened at
Queen's University Belfast. It houses the Heaney Media Archive, a
record of Heaney's entire oeuvre, along with a full catalogue of his
radio and television presentations.[31]
That same year Heaney, decided to lodge a substantial portion of his
literary archive at
Emory University, as a memorial to the work of William M. Chace, the
university's recently retired president.[32][33]
The Emory papers represented the largest repository of Heaney's work
(1964–2003), donated to build their
large existing archive from Irish writers including Yeats,
Paul Muldoon,
Ciaran Carson,
Michael Longley and other members of the
The Belfast Group.[34]
In 2003, when asked if there was any figure in popular culture who
aroused interest in poetry and lyrics, Heaney praised rap artist
Eminem,
saying "He has created a sense of what is possible. He has sent a
voltage around a generation. He has done this not just through his
subversive attitude but also his verbal energy."[35][36]
He composed the poem "Beacons
of Bealtaine" for the
2004 EU Enlargement. The poem was read by Heaney at a ceremony for
the twenty-five leaders of the enlarged
European Union arranged by the Irish
EU presidency.
In August 2006 Heaney suffered a
stroke.
Although he recovered, he cancelled all public engagements for several
months.[37]
He was in
County Donegal at the time on the occasion of the 75th birthday of
Anne Friel, playwright
Brian Friel's wife.[11][38]
He read the works of
Henning Mankell,
Donna Leon and
Robert Harris while in hospital, and was visited at the time by
Bill Clinton.[11][39]
Heaney's
District and Circle won the 2006
T. S. Eliot Prize.[40]
He became artist of honour in
Østermarie, Denmark, in 2008 and the Seamus Heaney Stræde (street)
was named after him. In 2009, Heaney was presented with an Honorary-Life
Membership award from the UCD Law Society, in recognition of his
remarkable role as a literary figure.[41]
Faber and Faber published
Dennis O'Driscoll's book
Stepping Stones: Interviews with Seamus Heaney in 2008; this has
been described as the nearest thing to an autobiography of Heaney.[42]
In 2009, Heaney was awarded the
David Cohen Prize for Literature. He spoke at the
West Belfast Festival 2010 in celebration of his mentor, the poet
and novelist
Michael MacLaverty, who had helped Heaney to first publish his
poetry.[43]
2010s
In 2010, Faber published
Human Chain, Heaney's twelfth collection. Human Chain was
awarded the
Forward Poetry Prize for Best Collection, one of the only major
poetry prizes Heaney had never previously won, despite having been twice
shortlisted.[44][45]
The book, published 44 years after the poet's first, was inspired in
part by Heaney's stroke in 2006 which left him "babyish" and "on the
brink". Poet and Forward judge
Ruth Padel described the work as "a collection of painful, honest,
and delicately weighted poems...a wonderful and humane achievement".[44]
Writer
Colm Tóibín described Human Chain as "his best single volume
for many years, and one that contains some of the best poems he has
written... is a book of shades and memories, of things whispered, of
journeys into the underworld, of elegies and translations, of echoes and
silences."[46]
In October 2010, the collection was shortlisted for the
T. S. Eliot Prize.
Heaney was named one of "Britain's top 300 intellectuals" by
The Observer in 2011, though the newspaper later published a
correction acknowledging that "several individuals who would not claim
to be British" had been featured, of which Heaney was one.[47]
That same year, he contributed translations of
Old
Irish
marginalia for
Songs of the Scribe, an album by Traditional Singer in Residence
of the Seamus Heaney Centre for Poetry,
Pádraigín Ní Uallacháin.[48]
In December 2011, he donated his personal literary notes to the
National Library of Ireland.[49]
Even though he admitted he would likely have earned a fortune by
auctioning them, Heaney personally packed up the boxes of notes and
drafts and, accompanied by his son Michael, delivered them to the
National Library.[50]
Death
Heaney, aged 74, died at Dublin's
Blackrock Clinic on 30 August 2013, following a period of poor
health.[51]
The poet's abrupt death led to tributes from friends and colleagues.
Poet
Michael Longley, a close friend of Heaney, said: "I feel like I've
lost a brother".[52]
Thomas Kinsella was shocked but
John Montague was not.[53]
Playwright
Frank McGuinness called Heaney "the greatest Irishman of my
generation: he had no rivals".[54]
Colm Tóibín wrote: "In a time of burnings and bombings Heaney used
poetry to offer an alternative world".[55]
Gerald Dawe said he was "like an older brother who encouraged you to
do the best you could do".[54]
Theo Dorgan said "[Heaney's] work will pass into permanence.
Everywhere I go there is real shock at this. Seamus was one of us",
while Heaney's publisher
Faber and Faber noted that "his impact on literary culture is
immeasurable."[56]
Playwright
Tom Stoppard said, "Seamus never had a sour moment, neither in
person nor on paper".[54]
Andrew Motion, a former
UK Poet Laureate and friend of Heaney, called him "a great poet, a
wonderful writer about poetry, and a person of truly exceptional grace
and intelligence".[52]
Work
Upon his death, Heaney's books made up two-thirds of the sales of
living poets in the UK.[5]
His work often deals with the local surroundings of Ireland,
particularly in Northern Ireland, where he was born. Speaking of his
early life and education, he commented "I learned that my local County
Derry experience, which I had considered archaic and irrelevant to 'the
modern world' was to be trusted. They taught me that trust and helped me
to articulate it."[57]
Death of a Naturalist (1966) and Door into the Dark (1969)
mostly focus on the detail of rural, parochial life.[57]
Allusions to sectarian difference, widespread in Northern Ireland
through his lifetime, can be found in his poems. His books Wintering
Out (1973) and North (1975) seek to interweave commentary on
'The Troubles' with a historical context and wider human experience.[57]
While some critics accused Heaney of being "an apologist and a
mythologizer" of the violence,
Blake Morrison suggests the poet "has written poems directly about
the Troubles as well as elegies for friends and acquaintances who have
died in them; he has tried to discover a historical framework in which
to interpret the current unrest; and he has taken on the mantle of
public spokesman, someone looked to for comment and guidance... Yet he
has also shown signs of deeply resenting this role, defending the right
of poets to be private and apolitical, and questioning the extent to
which poetry, however 'committed,' can influence the course of history."
Shaun O'Connell in the New Boston Review notes that "those who
see Seamus Heaney as a symbol of hope in a troubled land are not, of
course, wrong to do so, though they may be missing much of the
undercutting complexities of his poetry, the backwash of ironies which
make him as bleak as he is bright."[57]
O'Connell notes in his Boston Review critique of
Station Island: "Again and again Heaney pulls back from
political purposes; despite its emblems of savagery, Station Island
lends no rhetorical comfort to Republicanism. Politic about politics,
Station Island is less about a united Ireland than about a poet
seeking religious and aesthetic unity".[58]
Heaney is described by critic
Terry Eagleton as "an enlightened cosmopolitan liberal",[59]
refusing to be drawn. Eagleton suggests: "When the political is
introduced... it is only in the context of what Heaney will or will not
say."[60]
Reflections on what Heaney identifies as "tribal conflict",[60]
favour the description of people's lives and their voices, drawing out
the 'psychic landscape'. His collections often recall the assassination
of his family members and close friends, lynchings and bombings.
Colm Tóibín wrote, "throughout his career there have been poems of
simple evocation and description. His refusal to sum up or offer meaning
is part of his tact."[46]
Heaney published “Requiem for the
Croppies”
on the 50th anniversary of the 1916
Easter Rising, a poem that commemorates the Irish rebels of 1798. He
read the poem to both Catholic and Protestant audiences in Ireland. He
commented "To read ‘'Requiem for the Croppies'’ wasn't to say ‘up the
IRA’ or anything. It was silence-breaking rather than
rabble-rousing.”[61]
He stated “You don't have to love it. You just have to permit it.”
He turned down the offer of
laureateship partly for political reasons, commenting "I’ve nothing
against the Queen personally: I had lunch at
the Palace once upon a time". He stated that his "cultural starting
point" was "off centre". His most commonly cited political statement
came in 1982 when he objected to being included in an anthology of
British poetry, despite being of Northern Irish birth. He lived in the
Republic of Ireland from 1972 until his death and claimed Irish rather
than British nationality, responding
"Be advised my passport's green.
No glass of ours was ever raised
to toast the Queen."[61]
He was concerned, as a poet and a translator, with the English
language itself as it is spoken in Ireland but also as spoken elsewhere
and in other times; the
Anglo-Saxon influences in his work and study are strong. Critic
W. S. Di Piero noted "Whatever the occasion, childhood, farm life,
politics and culture in Northern Ireland, other poets past and present,
Heaney strikes time and again at the taproot of language, examining its
genetic structures, trying to discover how it has served, in all its
changes, as a culture bearer, a world to contain imaginations, at once a
rhetorical weapon and nutriment of spirit. He writes of these matters
with rare discrimination and resourcefulness, and a winning impatience
with received wisdom."[57]
Heaney's first translation came with the Irish lyric poem "Buile
Suibhne", published as Sweeney Astray: A Version from the Irish
(1984), a character and connection taken up in Station Island
(1984). Heaney's prize-winning translation of
Beowulf
(Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2000, Whitbread Book of the Year Award) was
seen as ground-breaking in its use of modern language melded with the
original Anglo-Saxon 'music'.[57]
His works of drama includes The Cure at Troy: A Version of
Sophocles' Philoctetes (1991). Heaney's 2004 play
The Burial at Thebes makes parallels between
Creon
with the foreign policies of the
Bush administration.[62]
Heaney's engagement with poetry as a necessary engine for cultural
and personal change, is reflected in his prose works The Redress of
Poetry (1995) and Finders Keepers: Selected Prose, 1971–2001
(2002).[57]
"When a poem rhymes," Heaney wrote, "when a form generates itself, when
a metre provokes consciousness into new postures, it is already on the
side of life. When a rhyme surprises and extends the fixed relations
between words, that in itself protests against necessity. When language
does more than enough, as it does in all achieved poetry, it opts for
the condition of overlife, and rebels at limit." He expands: "The vision
of reality which poetry offers should be transformative, more than just
a printout of the given circumstances of its time and place".[46]
Often overlooked and underestimated in the direction of his work is his
profound poetic debts to and critical engagement with 20th-century
Eastern European poets, and in particular Nobel laureate
Czesław Miłosz.[63]
Heaney's work is used extensively on school syllabi internationally,
including the anthologies The Rattle Bag (1982) and The School
Bag (1987) (both edited with
Ted
Hughes). Originally entitled The Faber Book of Verse for Younger
People on the Faber contract, Hughes and Heaney decided the The
Rattle Bag's main purpose was to offer enjoyment to the reader:
"Arbitrary riches". Heaney commented "the book in our heads was
something closer to The Fancy Free Poetry Supplement".[64]
It included work that they would have liked to encountered sooner as
well as nonsense rhymes, ballad-type poems, riddles, folk songs and
rhythmical jingles. Much familiar canonical work was not included, since
they took it for granted that their audience would know the standard
fare. Fifteen years later The School Bag aimed at something
different. The foreword stated that they wanted "less of a carnival,
more like a checklist." It included poems in English, Irish, Welsh,
Scots and Scots Gaelic, together with work reflecting the
African-American experience.[64]
Heaney's work is also the basis for a collaboration with
Mohammed Fairouz
[65]
who composed a choral setting of Heaney's poems.[66]
Publications
Poetry:
main collections
- 1966:
Death of a Naturalist, Faber & Faber
- 1969:
Door into the Dark, Faber & Faber
- 1972:
Wintering Out, Faber & Faber
- 1975:
Stations, Ulsterman
- 1975:
North, Faber & Faber
- 1979:
Field Work, Faber & Faber
- 1984:
Station Island, Faber & Faber
- 1987:
The Haw Lantern, Faber & Faber
- 1991:
Seeing Things, Faber & Faber
- 1996:
The Spirit Level, Faber & Faber
- 2001:
Electric Light, Faber & Faber
- 2006:
District and Circle, Faber & Faber
- 2010:
Human Chain, Faber & Faber
Poetry: collected editions
Prose:
main collections
- 1980: Preoccupations: Selected Prose 1968–1978, Faber
& Faber
- 1988: The Government of the Tongue, Faber & Faber
- 1995: The Redress of Poetry: Oxford Lectures, Faber &
Faber
- 2002: Finders Keepers: Selected Prose 1971–2001,
Faber & Faber
Plays
Translations
- 1983:
Sweeney Astray: A version from the Irish, Field Day
- 1992:
Sweeney's Flight (with Rachel Giese, photographer),
Faber & Faber
- 1993: The Midnight Verdict: Translations from the
Irish of
Brian Merriman and from the
Metamorphoses of
Ovid,
Gallery Press
- 1995:
Laments, a cycle of Polish Renaissance elegies by
Jan Kochanowski, translated with
Stanisław Barańczak, Faber & Faber
- 1999:
Beowulf, Faber & Faber
- 1999: Diary of One Who Vanished, a song cycle by
Leoš Janáček of poems by
Ozef Kalda, Faber & Faber
- 2002: Hallaig, Sorley MacLean Trust
- 2002: Arion, a poem by
Alexander Pushkin, translated from the Russian, with a note
by Olga Carlisle,
Arion Press
- 2004:
The Testament of Cresseid, Enitharmon Press
- 2004: Columcille The Scribe, The Royal Irish Academy
- 2009: The Testament of Cresseid & Seven Fables, Faber
& Faber
Limited editions and booklets (poetry and prose)
- 1965: Eleven Poems, Queen's University
- 1968: The Island People, BBC
- 1968: Room to Rhyme, Arts Council N.I.
- 1969: A Lough Neagh Sequence, Phoenix
- 1970: Night Drive, Gilbertson
- 1970: A Boy Driving His Father to Confession, Sceptre
Press
- 1973: Explorations, BBC
- 1975: Stations, Ulsterman Publications
- 1975: Bog Poems, Rainbow Press
- 1975: The Fire i' the Flint, Oxford University Press
- 1976: Four Poems, Crannog Press
- 1977: Glanmore Sonnets, Editions Monika Beck
- 1977: In Their Element, Arts Council N.I.
- 1978: Robert Lowell: A Memorial Address and an Elegy,
Faber & Faber
- 1978: The Makings of a Music, University of Liverpool
- 1978: After Summer, Gallery Press
- 1979: Hedge School, Janus Press
- 1979: Ugolino, Carpenter Press
- 1979: Gravities, Charlotte Press
- 1979: A Family Album, Byron Press
- 1980: Toome, National College of Art and Design
- 1981: Sweeney Praises the Trees, Henry Pearson
- 1982: A Personal Selection, Ulster Museum
- 1982: Poems and a Memoir, Limited Editions Club
- 1983: An Open Letter, Field Day
- 1983: Among Schoolchildren, Queen's University
- 1984: Verses for a Fordham Commencement, Nadja Press
- 1984: Hailstones, Gallery Press
- 1985: From the Republic of Conscience, Amnesty
International
- 1985: Place and Displacement, Dove Cottage
- 1985: Towards a Collaboration, Arts Council N.I.
- 1986: Clearances, Cornamona Press
- 1988: Readings in Contemporary Poetry, DIA Art
Foundation
- 1988: The Sounds of Rain, Emory University
- 1989: An Upstairs Outlook, Linen Hall Library
- 1989: The Place of Writing, Emory University
- 1990: The Tree Clock, Linen Hall Library
- 1991: Squarings, Hieroglyph Editions
- 1992: Dylan the Durable, Bennington College
- 1992: The Gravel Walks, Lenoir Rhyne College
- 1992: The Golden Bough, Bonnefant Press
- 1993: Keeping Going, Bow and Arrow Press
- 1993: Joy or Night, University of Swansea
- 1994: Extending the Alphabet, Memorial University of
Newfoundland
- 1994: Speranza in Reading, University of Tasmania
- 1995: Oscar Wilde Dedication, Westminster Abbey
- 1995: Charles Montgomery Monteith, All Souls College
- 1995: Crediting Poetry: The Nobel Lecture, Gallery
Press
- 1997: Poet to Blacksmith, Pim Witteveen
- 1998: Commencement Address, UNC Chapel Hill
- 1998: Audenesque, Maeght
- 1999: The Light of the Leaves, Bonnefant Press
- 2001: Something to Write Home About, Flying Fox
- 2002: Hope and History, Rhodes University
- 2002: Ecologues in Extremis, Royal Irish Academy
- 2002: A Keen for the Coins, Lenoir Rhyne College
- 2003: Squarings, Arion Press
- 2003: Singing School / Poems 1966 – 2002, Rudomino,
Moscow
- 2004: Anything can Happen, Town House Publishers
- 2005: The Door Stands Open, Irish Writers Centre
- 2005: A Shiver,
Clutag Press
- 2007: The Riverbank Field, Gallery Press
- 2008: Articulations, Royal Irish Academy
- 2008: One on a Side, Robert Frost Foundation
- 2009: Spelling It Out, Gallery Press
- 2010: "Writer & Righter", Irish Human Rights Commission
Critical
studies of Heaney
- 1993: The Poetry of Seamus Heaney ed. by Elmer Andrews,
ISBN 0-231-11926-7
- 1993: Seamus Heaney: The Making of the Poet by Michael
Parker,
ISBN 0-333-47181-4
- 1995: Critical essays on Seamus Heaney ed. by Robert F.
Garratt,
ISBN 0-7838-0004-5
- 1998: The Poetry of Seamus Heaney: A Critical Study by
Neil Corcoran,
ISBN 0-571-17747-6
- 2000: Seamus Heaney by
Helen Vendler,
ISBN 0-674-00205-9,
Harvard University Press
- 2003: Seamus Heaney and the Place of Writing by Eugene O'Brien,
University Press of Florida,
ISBN 0-8130-2582-6
- 2004: Seamus Heaney Searches for Answers by Eugene O'Brien,
Pluto Press: London,
ISBN 0-7453-1734-0
- 2007: Seamus Heaney and the Emblems of Hope by Karen
Marguerite Moloney,
ISBN 978-0-8262-1744-8
- 2007: Seamus Heaney: Creating Irelands of the Mind by Eugene
O'Brien, Liffey Press, Dublin,
ISBN 1-904148-02-6
- 2009: The Cambridge Companion to Seamus Heaney edited by
Bernard O'Donoghue
- 2010: Poetry and Peace: Michael Longley, Seamus Heaney, and
Northern Ireland by Richard Rankin Russell
ISBN 978-0-268-04031-4
- 2010: Defending Poetry: Art and Ethics in Joseph Brodsky,
Seamus Heaney, and Geoffrey Hill by David-Antoine Williams
- 2010: “Working Nation(s): Seamus Heaney’s ‘Digging’ and the Work
Ethic in Post-Colonial and Minority Writing”, by Ivan Cañadas[67]
- 2011: "Seamus Heaney and Beowulf," by M.J. Toswell, in:
Cahier Calin: Makers of the Middle Ages. Essays in Honor of
William Calin, ed. Richard Utz and Elizabeth Emery (Kalamazoo,
MI: Studies in Medievalism, 2011), pp. 18–22.
- 2012: In Gratitude for all the Gifts: Seamus Heaney and
Eastern Europe, by Magdalena Kay. University of Toronto Press.
ISBN 9781442644984
- 2012: Raccontarsi in versi. La poesia autobiografica in
Inghilterra e in Spagna (1950–1980)., by Menotti Lerro, Carocci.
Selected
discography
Major prizes
and honours
See also
References
- ^
a
b
c
Obituary: Heaney ‘the most important Irish poet since Yeats’
Irish Times, 2013-08-30.
-
^
a
b
c
d
Seamus Heaney obituary The Guardian, 2013-08-30.
- ^
a
b
"Biography of Irish Writer Seamus Heaney".
www.seamusheaney.org.
Retrieved 20 February 2010. "Heaney was born on 13th
April 1939, the eldest of nine children at the family farm
called Mossbawn in the Townland of Tamniarn in Newbridge near
Castledawson, Northern Ireland, ..."
-
^
Heaney, Seamus (1998). Opened
Ground. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.
ISBN 0-374-52678-8.
-
^
a
b
c
d
"Faces of the week". BBC News (BBC). 19 January 2007.
Retrieved 9 April 2010.
-
^
a
b
Sutherland, John (19 March 2009).
"Seamus Heaney deserves a lot more than £40,000". The
Guardian (Guardian Media Group).
Retrieved 19 April 2010.
-
^ Pinsky, Robert
Poetry and The World The Eco Press Hopewell
ISBN 088001217x
-
^
Craig, Patricia (30 August 2013).
"Seamus Heaney obituary: Nobel Prize-winning Irish Poet".
The Independent (Independent Print Limited).
Retrieved 30 August 2013.
-
^
"A Note on Seamus Heaney". inform.orbitaltec.ne.
Retrieved 20 April 2009. "Seamus Heaney was born on 13
April 1939, the first child of Patrick and Margaret Kathleen
(née McCann) Heaney, who then lived on a fifty-acre farm called
Mossbawn, in the townland of Tamniarn, County Derry, Northern
Ireland."
-
^
"Biography". Nobelprize.
Retrieved 23 May 2010.
-
^
a
b
c
McCrum,
Robert (19 July 2009).
"A life of rhyme".
Mail & Guardian (M&G Media Ltd).
Retrieved 19 July 2009.
-
^
"Heaney, Seamus: Mid-Term Break". Litmed.med.nyu.edu. 27
October 1999. Retrieved 20
November 2010.
-
^
"Biography". British Council.
Retrieved 23 May 2010.
-
^
a
b
Ed. Bernard O’Donoghue The Cambridge Companion to Seamus
Heaney (2009) Cambridge University Press pxiii ISBN
978-0-521-54755-0. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
-
^ Sophia Hillan,
New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua, Vol. 9, No. 3
(Autumn, 2005), pp. 86–106 Wintered into Wisdom: Michael
McLaverty, Seamus Heaney, and the Northern Word-Hoard.
University of St. Thomas (Center for Irish Studies)
-
^ McLaverty, Michael
(2002) Collected short stories Blackstaff Press Ltd pxiii
ISBN 0-85640-727-5
-
^
"Biography". Aosdána.
-
^
"Irish Nobel Prize Poet Seamus Heaney Dies Aged 74 -VIDEO".
Ibtimes.co.uk. Retrieved
2013-08-30.
-
^
The Cambridge Companion to Seamus Heaney, "Heaney in
Public" by
Dennis O'Driscoll
-
^
"Barclay Agency profile". Barclayagency.com.
Retrieved 30 August 2013.
-
^
British Council biography of Heaney. Retrieved 19 April
2010.
-
^
"Heaney ‘catches the heart off guard’". Harvard News
Office.
Harvard University. 2 October 2008.
Retrieved 15 May 2010. "Over the years, readings by poet
Seamus Heaney have been so wildly popular that his fans are
called “Heaneyboppers.”"
-
^
"Royal Society of Literature All Fellows". Royal Society of
Literature. Retrieved 9
August 2010.
-
^
"Play Listing". Irish Playography. Irish Theatre
Institute. Retrieved 24
August 2007.
-
^
"The Nobel Prize in Literature 1995". Nobelprize. 7 October
2010. Retrieved 7 October
2010.
-
^
Clarity, James F. (9 October 1995).
"Laureate and Symbol, Heaney Returns Home". The New York
Times (The New York Times Company).
Retrieved 9 October 1995.
-
^
"Beowulf: A New Translation". Rambles.net.
Retrieved 20 November 2010.
-
^
Seamus Heaney MRIA 1939-2013 - A Very Special Academician,
The Royal Irish Academy
-
^
University of Pennsylvania. Honorary Degree awarded.
Retrieved 19 September 2010.
-
^
Rhodes Department of English Annual Report 2002-2003[dead
link] from the
Rhodes University website
-
^
The Seamus Heaney Centre for Poetry from the
Queen's University Belfast website
-
^
"Emory Acquires Nobel Laureate Seamus Heaney Letters".
press release.
Emory University. 24 September 2003. "“When I was here this
summer for commencement, I came to the decision that the
conclusion of President Chace’s tenure was the moment of truth,
and that I should now lodge a substantial portion of my literary
archive in the Woodruff Library, including the correspondence
from many of the poets already represented in its special
collections,” said Heaney in making the announcement. “So I am
pleased to say these letters are now here and that even though
President Chace is departing, as long as my papers stay here,
they will be a memorial to the work he has done to extend the
university’s resources and strengthen its purpose.”"
-
^
"Poet Heaney donates papers to Emory".
The Augusta Chronicle (Morris
Communications). 25 September 2003.
Retrieved 25 September 2003.
-
^
"Emory University. Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Boob Library
(MARBL)". Online collection of
The Belfast Group archive.
-
^ Eminem,
The Way I Am, autobiography, cover sheet. Published 21
October 2008.
-
^
"Seamus Heaney praises Eminem". BBC News (BBC). 30
June 2003. Retrieved 9 April
2010.
-
^ Today Programme,
BBC Radio 4, 16 January 2007.
-
^
"Poet 'cried for father' after stroke". BBC News
(BBC). 20 July 2009.
Retrieved 20 July 2009.
-
^
Kelly, Antoinette (19 July 2009).
"Nobel winner Seamus Heaney recalls secret visit from Bill
Clinton: President visit to Heaney's hospital bed after
near-fatal stroke". Irish Central.
Retrieved 19 July 2009.
-
^
"Heaney wins TS Eliot poetry prize". BBC News (BBC).
15 January 2007. Retrieved 15
January 2007.
-
^
"Announcement of Awards".
University College Dublin (UCD).
-
^
"Stepping Stones: Interviews with Seamus Heaney". The
Times (News Corporation). 14 November 2008.
Retrieved 23 May 2010.
-
^
"Féile an Phobail, Festival of the People, 2010 programme".
Official website.
Retrieved 12 July 2010.[dead
link]
-
^
a
b
Page,
Benedicte (6 October 2010).
"Seamus Heaney wins £10k Forward poetry prize for Human Chain".
The Guardian (Guardian Media Group).
Retrieved 6 October 2010.
-
^
Kellaway, Kate (22 August 2010).
"Human Chain by Seamus Heaney". The Observer
(Guardian Media Group).
Retrieved 22 August 2010.
-
^
a
b
c
Tóibín, Colm (21 August 2010).
"Human Chain by Seamus Heaney – review". The Guardian
(Guardian Media Group).
Retrieved 21 August 2010.
-
^
Naughton, John (8 May 2011).
"Britain's top 300 intellectuals". The Observer
(Guardian Media Group).
Retrieved 8 May 2011.
-
^
"Songs of the Scribe Sung by Pádraigín Ní Uallacháin".
Journal of Music. 6 December 2011.
-
^
Telford, Lyndsey (21 December 2011).
"Seamus Heaney declutters home and donates personal notes to
National Library". Irish Independent (Independent
News & Media). Retrieved 21
December 2011.
-
^
Madden, Anne (22 December 2011).
"Seamus Heaney's papers go to Dublin, but we don't mind, insists
QUB". The Belfast Telegraph.
Retrieved 22 December 2011.
-
^
McGreevy, Ronan (30 August 2013).
"Tributes paid to ‘keeper of language’ Seamus Heaney".
The Irish Times.
Retrieved 30 August 2013.
- ^
a
b
"Poet Seamus Heaney dies aged 74". BBC News. 30
August 2013. Retrieved 30
August 2013.
-
^
"President and Taoiseach lead tributes to the late Seamus
Heaney: Tributes paid to the Nobel Laureate who died this
morning at the age of 74". Irish Independent. 30
August 2013. Retrieved 30
August 2013.
-
^
a
b
c
Higgins, Charlotte; McDonald, Henry (30 August 2013).
"Seamus Heaney's death 'leaves breach in language itself':
Tributes flow in from fellow writers after poet who won Nobel
prize for literature dies in Dublin aged 74". The
Guardian. Retrieved 30
August 2013.
-
^
Tóibín, Colm (30 August 2013).
"Seamus Heaney's books were events in our lives". The
Guardian. Retrieved 30
August 2013.
-
^
"Heaney deserves place among the pantheon, says Dorgan".
The Irish Times. 30 August 2013.
Retrieved 30 August 2013.
-
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
"Biography". Poetry Foundation.
-
^
O'Connell, Shaun (1 February 1985).
"Station Island, Seamus Heaney". Boston Review.
Retrieved 2 October 2010.
-
^
"Terry Eagleton reviews ‘Beowulf’ translated by Seamus Heaney ·
LRB 11 November 1999". Lrb.co.uk.
Retrieved 30 August 2013.
-
^
a
b
Potts,
Robert (7 April 2001).
"The view from Olympia". The Guardian (Guardian Media
Group). Retrieved 7 April
2001.
-
^
a
b
Rahim,
Sameer (11 May 2009).
"Interview with Seamus Heaney: On the eve of his 70th birthday,
Seamus Heaney tells Sameer Rahim about his lifetime in poetry –
and who he thinks would make a good poet laureate". The
Daily Telegraph (Telegraph Media Group).
Retrieved 20 November 2010.
-
^
McElroy, Steven (21 January 2007).
"The Week Ahead: Jan. 21 – 27". The New York Times
(The New York Times Company).
Retrieved 21 January 2007.
-
^ Kay, Magdalena. In
Gratitude for all the Gifts: Seamus Heaney and Eastern Europe.
University of Toronto Press, 2012.
ISBN 1442644982
-
^
a
b
Heaney,
Seamus (25 October 2003).
"Bags of enlightenment". The Guardian (Guardian Media
Group). Retrieved 25 October
2003.
-
^
Mohammed Fairouz.
"BBC World New Collaboration Culture Page". Bbc.co.uk.
Retrieved 30 August 2013.
-
^
"Grinnell College News". Grinnell.edu. 14 April 2012.
Retrieved 30 August 2013.
-
^
Cañadas, Ivan (2010).
"Working Nation(s): Seamus Heaney's "Digging" and the Work Ethic
in Post-Colonial and Minority Writing". EESE: Erfurt
Electronic Studies in English.
-
^
Newington, Giles (16 June 2012).
"Heaney wins top Canadian prize". The Irish Times
(Irish Times Trust).
Retrieved 16 June 2012.
External links
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