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ARTICLES IN THE BOOK

  1. Accordion
  2. Acoustic bass guitar
  3. Aeolian harp
  4. Archlute
  5. Bagpipes
  6. Balalaika
  7. Bandoneon
  8. Banjo
  9. Baroque trumpet
  10. Bass drum
  11. Bassoon
  12. Bongo drums
  13. Bouzouki
  14. Brass band
  15. Brass instrument
  16. Bugle
  17. Carillon
  18. Castanet
  19. Celesta
  20. Cello
  21. Chapman Stick
  22. Chime tree
  23. Chordophone
  24. Cimbalom
  25. Clarinet
  26. Claves
  27. Clavichord
  28. Clavinet
  29. Concertina
  30. Conga
  31. Cornamuse
  32. Cornet
  33. Cornett
  34. Cowbell
  35. Crash cymbal
  36. Crotales
  37. Cymbal
  38. Digital piano
  39. Disklavier
  40. Double bass
  41. Drum
  42. Drum kit
  43. Drum machine
  44. Drum stick
  45. Electric bass
  46. Electric guitar
  47. Electric harp
  48. Electric instrument
  49. Electric piano
  50. Electric violin
  51. Electronic instrument
  52. Electronic keyboard
  53. Electronic organ
  54. English horn
  55. Euphonium
  56. Fiddle
  57. Flamenco guitar
  58. Floor tom
  59. Flugelhorn
  60. Flute
  61. Flute d'amour
  62. Glockenspiel
  63. Gong
  64. Hammered dulcimer
  65. Hammond organ
  66. Handbells
  67. Harmonica
  68. Harmonium
  69. Harp
  70. Harp guitar
  71. Harpsichord
  72. Hi-hat
  73. Horn
  74. Horn section
  75. Keyboard instrument
  76. Koto
  77. Lamellaphone
  78. Latin percussion
  79. List of string instruments
  80. Lute
  81. Lyre
  82. Mandola
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  84. Manual
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  86. Marimba
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  88. Mellophone
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  90. Metallophone
  91. Mouthpiece
  92. Music
  93. Musical bow
  94. Musical instrument
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  96. Musical instrument digital interface
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  100. Orchestra
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  103. Pan flute
  104. Pedalboard
  105. Percussion instrument
  106. Piano
  107. Piccolo
  108. Pickup
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  110. Piston valve
  111. Player piano
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  114. Recorder
  115. Ride cymbal
  116. Sampler
  117. Saxophone
  118. Shamisen
  119. Sitar
  120. Snare drum
  121. Sound module
  122. Spinet
  123. Steel drums
  124. Steel-string acoustic guitar
  125. Stringed instrument
  126. String instrument
  127. Strings
  128. Synthesizer
  129. Tambourine
  130. Theremin
  131. Timbales
  132. Timpani
  133. Tom-tom drum
  134. Triangle
  135. Trombone
  136. Trumpet
  137. Tuba
  138. Tubular bell
  139. Tuned percussion
  140. Ukulele
  141. Vibraphone
  142. Viol
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  144. Viola d'amore
  145. Violin
  146. Vocal music
  147. Wind instrument
  148. Wood block
  149. Woodwind instrument
  150. Xylophone
  151. Zither

 



MUSIC INSTRUMENTS
This article is from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celesta

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License 

Celesta

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 
French type, four-octave Celesta
French type, four-octave Celesta

The Celesta (IPA [tʃəˈlɛstə]) is a struck idiophone operated by a keyboard. The keys are connected to hammers which strike a graduated set of metal (usually steel) plates suspended over wooden resonators. There is a pedal to sustain or dampen the sound.

The sound of the celesta is akin to that of the glockenspiel, but with a much softer timbre. This quality gave rise to the instrument's name, celeste meaning "heavenly" in French.

The celesta is a transposing instrument, sounding one octave higher than written. The original French instrument had a five-octave range, but as the lowest octave was considered somewhat unsatisfactory, it was omitted from later models. Interestingly the standard French four-octave instrument is now gradually being replaced in symphony orchestras by a larger, five-octave German model. Although treated as a member of the percussion section in orchestral terms, it is usually played by a pianist, the part being normally written on two bracketed staves.

History

The celesta was invented in 1889 by the Parisian harmonium builder Auguste Mustel. Mustel's father, Victor Mustel, had developed the forerunner of the celesta, the typophone or the dulcitone, in 1860. This consisted of struck tuning-forks instead of metal plates, but the sound produced was considered too small to be of use in an orchestral situation.

Pyotr Tchaikovsky is cited as the first to use this instrument in a symphonic work for full orchestra; it appears in his last symphonic poem The Voyevoda (premiered 1891)[1] and in passages from his last ballet The Nutcracker (1892) -- most notably the "Dance of the Sugarplum Fairy." Ernest Chausson preceded him by employing the celesta in his incidental music for La tempęte in 1888, written for a small orchestra.[2] Charles Widor had also used it in his ballet La Korrigane in 1880.[3]

Works featuring the celesta

  • Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky: Dance of the Sugarplum Fairy, from The Nutcracker (1892)
  • Richard Strauss: Der Rosenkavalier (1911)
  • Maurice Ravel: Daphnis et Chloé (1912)
  • Gustav Holst: Venus and Neptune, from The Planets (1917)
  • Gustav Mahler: Symphony No. 6 (1906)
  • Gustav Mahler: Symphony No. 8 'symphony of a thousand'
  • Ottorino Respighi: Pini di Roma (1924)
  • Gottfried Huppertz: Metropolis (1927)
  • George Gershwin: An American in Paris (1928)
  • Maurice Ravel: Bolero (1928)
  • Heitor Villa-Lobos: Toccata, from Bachianas Brasileiras No. 2 (1933)
  • Béla Bartók: Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta (1937)
  • Olivier Messian: Turangalila Symphony (1949)
  • Sergei Prokofiev: Symphony No. 6 and Symphony-Concerto for Cello and Orchestra
  • Dmitri Shostakovich: Symphony No. 4 Symphony No. 11 (1957) and Cello Concerto No. 1
  • Igor Stravinsky: The Firebird (1910)
  • Thelonious Monk: Pannonica, from Brilliant Corners (1957)
  • Buddy Holly: Everyday (1958)
  • The Velvet Underground: "Sunday Morning", from The Velvet Underground and Nico (1967)
  • Nick Drake: "Northern Sky", from "Bryter Layter" (1970)
  • The Stooges: Penetration from Raw Power (1973)
  • John Williams: Hedwig's Theme, from Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone (2001)
  • Augustus Pablo: Celesta King
  • The Polyphonic Spree: Hold Me Now, Lithium (Nirvana cover)
  • Eels: Flyswatter from Daisies of the Galaxy (2000); Trouble With Dreams from Blinking Lights and Other Revelations (2005)
  • Björk: Scatterheart from Selmasongs (2000); Sun In My Mouth, Harm Of Will and It's Not Up To You from Vespertine (2001); Mother Heroic from Family Tree (2002)
  • Sigur Rós: Sé Lest and Heysátan from Takk (2005)
  • Death Cab for Cutie: Title and Registration from Transatlanticism (2003)
  • Jonathan Dove: "Flight" (opera) 1998
  • McCoy Tyner: 'Once I Loved, Land of the Lonely' from 'Trident' (jazz), 1975

References

  1. ^ Freed, Richard. [LP Jacket notes.] Tchaikovsky: "Fatum," [...] "The Storm," [...] "The Voyevoda." Bochum Orchestra. Othmar Maga, conductor. Vox Stereo STPL 513.460. New York: Vox Productions, Inc., 1975.
  2. ^ Blades, James and Holland, James. "Celesta"; Gallois, Jean. "Chausson, Ernest: Works," Grove Music Online (Accessed 08 April 2006) (subscription required)
  3. ^ The Ultimate Encyclopaedia of Musical Instruments, ISBN 18586818855, p104

See also

  • Rhodes piano, an electric instrument similar to the celesta
  • Dulcitone

External links

  • NPR - The Celesta: The Sound of the Sugar Plum Fairy
  • Comprehensive article with photos, history etc.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celesta"