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LA GRAMMATICA DI ENGLISH GRATIS IN VERSIONE MOBILE   INFORMATIVA PRIVACY

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WIKIBOOKS
DISPONIBILI
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ART
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BUSINESS&LAW
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ARTICLES IN THE BOOK

  1. AdSense
  2. AdWords
  3. Allinanchor command
  4. AutoLink
  5. BigTable
  6. Blogger
  7. CustomizeGoogle
  8. Deep link
  9. Egosurfing
  10. ElgooG
  11. Eric E. Schmidt
  12. Features of Gmail
  13. French military victories
  14. Froogle
  15. Gmail
  16. GMail Drive
  17. GmailFS
  18. Gmail Mobile
  19. Goobuntu
  20. Google
  21. Google.org
  22. Google Alerts
  23. Google Analytics
  24. Google and privacy issues
  25. Google Answers
  26. Googlebait
  27. Google Base
  28. Google bomb
  29. Google Book Search
  30. Googlebot
  31. Google Browser Sync
  32. Google Calendar
  33. Google Checkout
  34. Google China
  35. Google Code
  36. Google Code Search
  37. Google consultant
  38. Google Current
  39. Google Desktop
  40. Google Docs Spreadsheets
  41. Google Earth
  42. Google economy
  43. Googlefight
  44. Google File System
  45. Google Finance
  46. Google Foundation
  47. Google Founders' Award
  48. Google generation
  49. Google Groups
  50. Google Hacking
  51. Google Hacks
  52. Google Image Labeler
  53. Google Image Search
  54. 302 Google Jacking
  55. Google juice
  56. Google Labs
  57. Google Language Tools
  58. Google logo
  59. Google Maps
  60. Google News
  61. Google Notebook
  62. Google Pack
  63. Google Page Creator
  64. Google PC
  65. Googlepedia
  66. Google platform
  67. Googleplex
  68. Google Reader
  69. Google Scholar
  70. Google search
  71. Google Search Appliance
  72. Googleshare
  73. Google's hoaxes
  74. Google Summer of Code
  75. Google Talk
  76. Googletestad
  77. Google Toolbar
  78. Google Trends
  79. Google Video
  80. Google Video Marketplace
  81. Google Watch
  82. Google Web Accelerator
  83. Google Webmaster Tools
  84. Googlewhack
  85. Google WiFi
  86. Google X
  87. Googlism
  88. GTalkr
  89. Hello
  90. Hilltop algorithm
  91. History of Gmail
  92. History of Google
  93. I'm Feeling Lucky
  94. Joga Bonito
  95. Keyhole Markup Language
  96. Lawrence E. Page
  97. Link farm
  98. List of acquisitions by Google
  99. List of Google products
  100. MapReduce
  101. Measure Map
  102. Mediabot
  103. Mobile GMaps
  104. Orkut
  105. PageRank
  106. PhpGmailDrive
  107. Picasa
  108. Political Google bombs
  109. PR0
  110. Project 02
  111. Pyra Labs
  112. RoamDrive
  113. Schnitzelmitkartoffelsalat
  114. Scraper site
  115. Scroogle
  116. Search engine optimization
  117. SEO contest
  118. Sergey Brin
  119. Urchin Software Corporation
  120. Web traffic
  121. YouTube

 

 
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    ENGLISHGRATIS.COM è un sito personale di
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    Roberto Casiraghi           
    INFORMATIVA SULLA PRIVACY              Crystal Jones


    Siti amici:  Lonweb Daisy Stories English4Life Scuolitalia
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THE WORLD OF GOOGLE
This article is from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gmail

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License 

Gmail

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 
For other uses, see Gmail (disambiguation).

Gmail, officially Google Mail in the United Kingdom and Germany, is a free Webmail and POP3 e-mail service provided by Google. It was released on April 1, 2004, and has not yet had a gold release.

This service offers more than 2GB of file storage, a search-oriented interface and a unique 'conversation view'. Gmail is well-known for the use of Ajax programming in its design. Most countries, including the US, currently require an invitation to use Gmail, either from their own mobile phone, or from an existing Gmail user.

Features

Main article: Features of Gmail

Storage

The service is notable for providing nearly 2.8 gigabytes (as of December 2006)[1] of storage space, increased from the original limit of 1 GB. This change was announced on April 1, 2005, and was made for the one-year anniversary of Gmail. The announcement was accompanied by a statement that Google would "keep giving people more space forever". [2] All Google will say about this now is that it will keep increasing by the second as long as they have enough space on their servers. Although Gmail's storage space continuously goes up, Google is only increasing the inbox capacity by a nominal four bytes per second (as of 27 October 2006).[3] The growth rate was faster when the announcement was first made. If the present growth rate continues unchanged, storage capacity will reach 3 gigabytes by the middle of 2009.[4]

Programming

Gmail makes intensive use of Ajax (specifically, the AjaXSLT framework), employing modern browser features such as JavaScript and keyboard access keys, allowing for a rich user experience, while retaining the benefits of a web application.

Browser support

Gmail is available on any computer with a supported browser: Internet Explorer 5.5+, Mozilla Application Suite 1.4+, Firefox 0.8+, Safari 1.2.1+, , Netscape 7.1+, Opera 9+. Gmail also offers "Basic HTML view" to allow users to access the Gmail messages from almost any computer running browsers that do not fully support the more advanced features, such as Internet Explorer 4.0+, Netscape 4.07+ or Opera 6.03+, or users with JavaScript disabled. Gmail's Help Center provides a list of fully supported browsers. Gmail has recently also become available as a downloadable application for mobile phones as well as WAP-enabled mobile phones. It also works on the PSP and Nintendo DS Opera Browser web browsers, but is not fully supported.

There has been some criticism of Gmail's information and privacy policies. Much of it stems from phrases in Gmail's Privacy Policy which state that Gmail will keep all e-mail for "some time" even if it has been deleted or the account terminated and that Gmail will disclose personal information (including the actual text of e-mails) if it has a "good faith belief" that such a disclosure is necessary for various reasons such to "protect the rights, property or safety of ... the public". [5] Similarly, some privacy advocates criticize the lack of disclosed data retention and correlation policies. More than 30 privacy and civil rights organizations have urged Google to suspend the Gmail service until these issues are resolved. [6]

Conversation views

A major innovation Gmail introduced was its method of categorizing e-mails, which Google calls Conversation View. In contrast to other e-mail services, Gmail keeps track of individual "conversations" (an original message, along with all the replies to that message) by grouping them together. This allows users to easily view all the e-mails related to a specific message, and it keeps the inbox more organized. Gmail's algorithm for determining how conversations fit together is not perfect, however: Single conversations sometimes become fragmented (especially when a replier changes the e-mail's subject line) and unrelated conversations occasionally become attached together (this seems to be a bug in the early betas that has been fixed). Also, if a conversation has more than approximately 100 messages, it splits into two separate storage sections, sometimes resulting in 5 or 6 chunks making up a whole conversation.

Google's conversation view has changed the way many account holders use email, since a "conversation" was a much more abstract term in the past.

Organization

Gmail allows users to categorize their e-mails with "labels." Labels give users a flexible method of categorizing e-mails, since an e-mail may have any number of labels (in contrast to a system in which an e-mail may belong to only one folder). Users can display all e-mails having a particular label and can use labels as a search criterion. Gmail also allows users to set up filters which label incoming e-mail automatically.

Auto save enhancement

Google has added an Auto Save feature to Gmail, a system for avoiding loss of data in case of a browser crash or other error. When composing an e-mail, a draft copy of the message and any attachments are saved automatically. Although messages begin to be saved once a minute, saving times vary depending on the size of the message.

Keyboard shortcuts

Gmail allows users to navigate its interface by using the keyboard as an accessible alternative to the mouse, which is the norm for site navigation. This feature is not enabled by default, although instructions on how to enable it are provided.

Optional dots

Gmail usernames must be between 6 and 30 characters (inclusive) and made up of only letters, numbers, and dots. The use of dots, however, is optional (that is, Gmail ignores dots when resolving addresses). Google states that "Gmail doesn't recognize dots (.) as characters within a username. This way, you can add and remove dots to your username for desired address variations." For instance, the account google@gmail.com receives mail sent to goo.gle@gmail.com, g.o.o.g.l.e@gmail.com, etc. Likewise, the account goo.gle@gmail.com receives mail sent to google@gmail.com. This can be useful in setting filters for incoming mail. However, when signing in it is necessary to include any dots used in the creation of the account.

Plus-addressing

Main article: E-mail address#Plus (or Minus) addressing

Gmail also supports "plus-addressing" of e-mails. Messages can be sent to addresses in the form: username+extratext@gmail.com where extratext can be any string. Plus-addressing allows users to sign up for different services with different aliases and then easily filter all e-mails from those services. However, a significant number of services do not support email addresses containing plus signs.

Talk integration

Gmail displaying a chat window.
Gmail displaying a chat window.

Gmail's "Talk" features allow users to chat with other people who are online that have a Gmail account. It interacts with the Jabber network, so it can be synchronised with Google Talk, and other Jabber clients (including Gizmo Project, Psi, Miranda IM and iChat). However, only text-based chat can take place within Internet Browsers, with a limit to four chats at once. Voice calling is therefore one of Google Talk's advantages.

Added in late 2006 was the voicemail feature, which allows users to leave a voice message for contacts who are not online. The voicemail system is also reached if a user does not answer a call. Gmail keeps an index of voicemails received on Gmail itself, because this feature is accessible to users who have opted not to install Google Talk. Another feature added at the same time was the ability to make calls from the Gmail page itself. However, this only works if you have Google Talk downloaded and are placing a call from the webpage instead of the Google Talk software.

Gmail Chat also allows the user to keep an archive of chats in their Gmail account - although this is disabled if either user in a conversation objects (called 'off the record mode' by Google). However, 'off the record' mode does not guarantee anonymity, since the other user could be using a third-party client with its own logging ability such as Gaim. The other user could also copy and paste the conversation into a text editor and save it.

Gmail also recently introduced contact pictures [3] and introduced sound into Gmail Chat, so users receive auditory notifications when receiving an instant message through Gmail Chat.

Gmail offers a "standard without chat" view. This is the regular standard view without the chat functionality. Opera 8+ supports "standard without chat" view, although it does not support "standard" view - unless Opera is set to mask itself as Internet Explorer.

Because of the move away from e-mail, and therefore the name "Gmail", Google has changed the logo for Gmail, so that it includes '+ talk'. The logo also has a glossier finish compared to its predecessor.

Calendar integration

Main article: Google Calendar

On April 13, 2006, Google rolled out Google Calendar. It allows users to create multiple calendars, which hold appointments, and can be shared with other users through private addresses, or completely public on the web.

It is fully integrated with Gmail, as events can be added whilst writing a message, that get stored on the main Calendar interface. Recipients who use Gmail will then receive an invitation to the event, which they can accept or decline. Furthermore, Gmail attempts to recognise event dates and locations within e-mails, and gives users the option to add the event to a calendar. This competes with Microsoft's Exchange Server.

Awards

Gmail was ranked second in PC World's "The 100 Best Products of 2005",[7] behind Mozilla Firefox. Gmail also won 'Honorable Mention' in the Bottom Line Design Awards 2005.[4] Gmail has drawn many favorable reviews from users because of its available space and unique organization.[8].

Criticisms

Absent features

The conversation view groups related messages in a linear stack that can be expanded and collapsed. While innovative, it offers no option to differentiate messages that branch off from the original thread. This can occur when mail is sent to multiple recipients who respond individually, or when someone changes the subject line of a message he or she is responding to.

Some features present in several desktop e-mail applications but missing in Gmail are: sorting, "attachment warning," and automatic bounce-back of unwanted mail (imitating a mail-daemon message). Some of these absent features are offered by other webmail applications, sometimes for a price. Also, the lack of IMAP support is the most common complaint according to the most wanted Gmail features.

Non-US interfaces

Because Google is located primarily in the United States, non-US interfaces may experience a delay in receiving upgrades and features. Google Calendar is not available through all non-US Gmail interfaces. However, if non-US users change their language to English (US) they can access these services. Support for entering bi-directional text is currently available only in the Arabic and Hebrew interfaces.

Privacy

There has been criticism regarding Gmail's privacy policy, for example the clause "Residual copies of deleted messages and accounts may take up to 60 days to be deleted from our active servers and may remain in our offline backup systems". Google continues to reply to this criticism by pointing out that Gmail is using mostly industry-wide practices.[9] Google later stated that they will "make reasonable efforts to remove deleted information from our systems as quickly as is practical."[10]

Most of the criticism, however, was against Google's plans to add context-sensitive advertisements to e-mails by automatically scanning them. Privacy advocates raised concerns that the plan involved scanning their personal, assumed private, e-mails, and that this was a security problem.[11] Allowing e-mail content to be read, even by a computer, for advertising purposes, raises the risk that the expectation of privacy in e-mail will be reduced. Furthermore, non-subscribers' e-mail is scanned by Gmail as well, and these senders of e-mail did not agree to Gmail's terms of service or privacy policy. Also taken into account is the fact that Google can change its privacy policy unilaterally, and that Google is technically able to cross-reference cookies across its information-rich product line to make dossiers on individuals. However, again the practice is standard across all email systems—it is the only way spam mail checkers can work.

Opponents of these views state that when one's e-mail is checked to see if it is spam, it is being scanned by the same process. Because a human is not reading the message, they say, it is not a problem.

What privacy advocates also consider another problem is the lack of disclosed data retention and correlation policies. It is possible for Google to combine information contained in a person's emails with information about their Internet searches. It is not known how long such information would be kept, and how it could be used. One of the concerns is that it could be of interest to law enforcement agencies. More than 30 privacy and civil rights organizations have urged Google to suspend Gmail service until these issues are resolved.[6]

Spam attacks

A problem that arose with gmail's invitational system, was spammers sending invitations to random addresses. Once these were recieved, if the user of the email decided to register the account, they risk overlooking the second email address that is used for password retrival. This email address is defaulted to the email of the person who sent you the invitation. Thus after using the account for a while, a spammer would request your password and use your account for spamming, as well invade your privacy. This would usually lead to the account being banned with the actual user having no clue why.

Development history

Main article: History of Gmail

Announcement

Gmail was a project begun by Google developer Paul Buchheit years before it was ever announced to the public. For several years, the software was only available internally, as an email client for Google employees.[citation needed]

Gmail was finally announced to the public in 2004 amid a flurry of rumor. Owing to April Fool's Day, however, the company's press release was greeted with skepticism in the technology world, especially since Google already had been known to make April Fool's Jokes (such as PigeonRank). However, they explained that their real joke had been a press release saying that they would take offshoring to the extreme by putting employees in a "Google Copernicus Center" on the Moon. Jonathan Rosenberg, Google's vice-president of products, was quoted by BBC News as saying, "We are very serious about Gmail."

Registration

Access to the service is limited to those who have an invitation from an existing account holder, from Blogger, or through their mobile phone. Creating a Gmail account without an invitation requires a mobile phone and also requires text messaging on the phone. Google has stated that the invitation system is intended to reduce the amount of abuse, as spammers are unable to make a large number of accounts, something which they can do with other services like Hotmail or Yahoo! Mail, whose registration is completely open.[12] Google has made accounts available, without an invitation or Google SMS, to anyone in Australia and New Zealand since August 9, 2006[13] and Japan since August 23, 2006[citation needed] and in Egypt since December 3, 2006.[14]

While Gmail is not entirely open to the general public yet, most Gmail users have many invites to spare, as Google gives users anything from 0 to 100 free invitations (and frequently replenishes them, as a reward for users who frequently check their Gmail accounts [citation needed]). It is currently possible for someone in Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Egypt or Russia to sign up without an invitation. Someone can also sign up if one has a mobile phone from Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Turkey, Philippines, or the United States via SMS Signup or a .edu e-mail address from an accredited U.S. institution.[5] One can find free Gmail invites at various Web sites, or even for sale at online auctions, despite Google's prohibition of selling of Gmail addresses.

Domain name

Before being acquired by Google, the gmail.com domain name was used by the free e-mail service offered by Garfield.com, online home of the comic strip Garfield. This free e-mail service has moved to e-garfield.com.

As of June 22, 2005, Gmail's canonical URI has been changed to http://mail.google.com/mail/ instead of http://gmail.google.com/gmail/.

Alliance with Sky

On 6 December 2006, British Sky Broadcasting released details of a Sky and Google alliance.[6] This includes a feature where Gmail will link with Sky and host a mail service for Sky, incorporating the email domain "@sky.com".

Related products

Gmail Notifier

The Gmail Notifier, an official tool offered by Google, displays a small icon in the notification area (see Taskbar) in Microsoft Windows and on the right-hand side of the menu bar in Mac OS X, indicating the presence of new mail in one's inbox. It also has a feature that makes Gmail the default mail client for mailto links. It does not, however, download new messages.

Gmail For Your Domain

On February 10, 2006, Google introduced Gmail for your domain. All companies who participated in the beta testing were allowed to use Gmail through their own domain. Now, other Google services have been added to the product, including Google Calendar, Google Page Creator and Google Talk.

Gmail mobile application

On November 2, 2006, Google began offering a mobile-application based version of its Gmail product for mobile phones capable of running Java applications . Those interested in using the application can download it from gmail.com/app directly from their mobile phone. In addition, Sprint announced separately that it would make the application available from its Vision and Power Vision homepages and which will be preloaded onto some new Sprint phones[15]. The application gives Gmail its own custom menu system, which is much easier to navigate than a Web-based application would be on a cell phone. Gmail's message threading also shows up clearly, and the site displays attachments (like photos, Word documents) in the application[16].

Naming issues

The Google Mail logo.
The Google Mail logo.
  • On July 4, 2005, Google announced that Gmail Deutschland would be rebranded to Google Mail. From that point forward, visitors originating from an IP address determined to be in Germany would be forwarded to googlemail.com where they could obtain an email address containing the new domain. Any German user who wants a gmail.com address must sign up for an account through a proxy. German users who were already registered were allowed to keep their old addresses.
  • On October 19, 2005, the United Kingdom version of Gmail was converted to Google Mail, because "Gmail" is trademarked by another company in the UK.[17] However, this can be bypassed by using a proxy. Users who registered before the switch to Googlemail face no problems whatsoever - they keep their Gmail address (although the logo in the top-left of the page appears as 'Google Mail').
  • Even if the user is signed up with Google Mail, email sent to the @gmail.com version of your email address will still be received and vice versa.

Competition

See also: Comparison of webmail providers

After Gmail's initial announcement and development, many existing web mail services quickly increased their storage capacity. For example, Hotmail went from giving some users 2MB to 25MB (250MB after 30 days, and 2 GB for Hotmail Plus accounts), while Yahoo! Mail went from 4MB to 100MB (and 2 GB for Yahoo! Mail Plus accounts). Yahoo! Mail storage then proceeded to 250MB, and finally, in late April of 2005, to 1GB. These were all seen as moves to stop existing users from switching to Gmail, and to capitalize on the newly rekindled public interest in web mail services. The desire to catch up was especially visible for MSN Hotmail, which upgraded its e-mail storage erratically from 250 MB to the new Windows Live Mail (beta) which includes 2 GB of storage over a number of months. In August of 2005, AOL started providing all AIM screen names with their own e-mail accounts with 2 GB of storage. Another example of competition came from 30Gigs who were offering 30 gigabytes of storage, and was also invite only, but now offers free accounts for anyone.

Every account which is inactive for 6 months is labeled dormant, and 3 months later (a total of 9 months), gets deactivated by Gmail. All stored messages get deleted and the account gets "recycled", which means the account name can be used by any other users afterwards. Other webmail services, like Yahoo! Mail and Hotmail, have different, often shorter, times for marking an account as inactive. Yahoo! Mail deactivates dormant accounts after four months, while Hotmail deactivates free accounts after only one month.

Other than the general increase of storage limit, there has also been an improvement of the e-mail interfaces of Yahoo! Mail and Hotmail after the launch of Gmail. Gmail's ability to have an attachment size of 10MB was also matched by Yahoo! Mail and Hotmail during 2005. Following the footsteps of Gmail, Yahoo! launched the Yahoo! Mail Beta service and Microsoft launched Windows Live Mail, both now incorporating Ajax interfaces.

Between "Google for your Domain" and Google Calendar, Gmail is competing directly with Microsoft Outlook and Exchange Server.


 

See also

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
Gmail
  • List of Google services and tools
  • Google Groups
  • Google File System (GFS)

Add-Ins

  • PhpGmailDrive
  • Gmail Drive
  • GmailFS
  • RoamDrive
  • Vombato mail drive

References

  1. ^ Gmail Homepage, retrieved 6 December 2006
  2. ^ Endless Gmail Storage, retrieved 30 June 2006
  3. ^ How much storage space do I get?, retrieved 30 June 2006
  4. ^ http://eks.brownmajik.com/2006/02/09/when-will-gmail-give-me-3-gb/
  5. ^ Creepy Gmail, retrieved 14 May 2006
  6. ^ a b Privacy Rights Clearing House, retrieved 14 May 2006
  7. ^ PCWorld.com - The 100 Best Products of 2005, retrieved 14 May 2006
  8. ^ About Gmail - Reviews, retrieved 14 May 2006
  9. ^ Gmail and Privacy, retrieved 14 May 2006
  10. ^ [1]
  11. ^ [2]
  12. ^ Can I sign up without the invitation code? Or without a mobile phone? (website). Gmail Help Center. Retrieved on 2006-12-13.
  13. ^ Gmail finally open for business (website). APC Magazine. Retrieved on 2006-12-13.
  14. ^ Google announces that Gmail is now available to all users in Egypt (website). AME Info. Retrieved on 2006-12-13.
  15. ^ Google Offers Java-based Mobile Gmail, retrieved 2 November 2006
  16. ^ Google Mail goes mobile. RSS too., retrieved 2 November 2006
  17. ^ Google Mail in the UK, retrieved 14 May 2006

External links

Find more information on Gmail by searching Wikipedia's sister projects:
 

 Dictionary definitions from Wiktionary
 Textbooks from Wikibooks
 Quotations from Wikiquote
 Source texts from Wikisource
 Images and media from Commons
 News stories from Wikinews
 Learning resources from Wikiversity
 

  • Gmail
  • Jim's Gmail Tips
  • Lifehacker's Gmail Tips
  • Gmail: The problem with spam mails - shortcomings in the way Gmail handles spam mails

FAQs

  • Google's Gmail: A Rough Guide to Protecting Your Privacy at Electronic Frontier Foundation
  • Gmail Privacy FAQ at Electronic Privacy Information Center
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gmail"