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WIKIBOOKS
DISPONIBILI
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ART
- Great Painters
BUSINESS&LAW
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ARTICLES IN THE BOOK

  1. Abbey Road (album)
  2. Abbey Road Studios
  3. Across the Universe
  4. A Day in the Life
  5. A Hard Day's Night (film)
  6. A Hard Day's Night (song)
  7. All My Loving
  8. All You Need is Love
  9. And I Love Her
  10. Apple Corps
  11. Apple Records
  12. The Ballad of John and Yoko
  13. Beatlemania
  14. The Beatles
  15. The Beatles Anthology
  16. The Beatles Bootlegs
  17. The Beatles' influence on popular culture
  18. The Beatles line-ups
  19. The Beatles' London
  20. The Beatles Trivia
  21. Blackbird
  22. Brian Epstein
  23. British Invasion
  24. Can't Buy Me Love
  25. Come Together
  26. Day Tripper
  27. Don't Let Me Down
  28. Eight Days a Week
  29. Eleanor Rigby
  30. Fifth Beatle
  31. For No One
  32. Free as a bird
  33. From Me to You
  34. George Harrison
  35. George Martin
  36. Get Back
  37. Girl
  38. Happiness Is A Warm Gun
  39. Hello Goodbye
  40. Help! (album)
  41. Help! (film)
  42. Help
  43. Here Comes the Sun
  44. Here, There and Everywhere
  45. Hey Jude
  46. I Am the Walrus
  47. I Feel Fine
  48. I Wanna Be Your Man
  49. I Want to Hold Your Hand
  50. John Lennon
  51. Lady Madonna
  52. Lennon-McCartney
  53. Let it be
  54. Let It Be (album)
  55. Let It Be (film)
  56. Love me do
  57. Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds
  58. Magical Mystery Tour (album)
  59. Magical Mystery Tour (film)
  60. Michelle
  61. Northern Songs
  62. Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)
  63. Nowhere man
  64. Paperback Writer
  65. Paul McCartney
  66. Penny Lane
  67. Phil Spector
  68. Please Please Me
  69. The Quarrymen
  70. Real Love
  71. Revolution
  72. Revolver (album)
  73. Ringo Starr
  74. Rubber Soul (album)
  75. Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
  76. Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (song)
  77. She Loves You
  78. Something
  79. Strawberry Fields Forever
  80. Taxman
  81. The Beatles discography
  82. The Fool on the Hill
  83. The Long and Winding Road
  84. The White Album
  85. Ticket to Ride
  86. Twist and Shout
  87. We Can Work It Out
  88. When I'm Sixty-Four
  89. With A Little Help From My Friends
  90. Yellow Submarine
  91. Yellow Submarine (album)
  92. Yellow Submarine (film)
  93. Yesterday
  94. Yoko Ono

 

 
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THE BEATLES AND THEIR SONGS
This article is from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Across_the_Universe

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License 

Across the Universe

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 
This article is about the song by The Beatles. For the film by Julie Taymor, see Across the Universe (film).

"Across the Universe" is a song by The Beatles that first appeared as a charity single release in December 1969, and later, in modified form, became a standout track on their May 1970 album, Let It Be. The song features John Lennon singing lead, who was also the primary composer (though, as with all Beatles songs written by either composer, the song is formally credited to Lennon-McCartney). It is widely considered to be one of Lennon's most heartfelt and beautiful pieces, yet it had one of the most convoluted production and release histories of any Beatles' song.

Composition

In 1967, John's relationship with his wife, Cynthia Powell was falling apart. One night, the phrase "words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup" popped into his mind. Intrigued, he rushed to grab a paper and pencil. He began to write the rest of the lyrics, and when he was done, he went to bed and forgot about them.

In the morning, John found the paper on which he had written the lyrics and brought them down to his piano, where he began to play chords, and find pitches to match the words. The flavor of the song was heavily influenced by Lennon's and The Beatles' short-lived interest in Transcendental Meditation in late 1967 - early 1968, when the song was composed. Based on this he added the mantra (Jai Guru Deva Om) to the piece, which served as a link between the bridge and verse.

The structure of the lyrics is straightforward: three repetitions of a unit consisting of a verse, the line "Jai Guru Deva Om", and the line "Nothing's gonna change my world" repeated four times. The lyrics are highly image-based, with abstract concepts reified with phrases like thoughts "meandering", words "slithering", and undying love "shining". The title phrase "across the universe" appears at intervals to finish lines.

The recording and version history

In February 1968 The Beatles convened at the EMI Abbey Road studios to record a single for release during their absence on their forthcoming trip to India. Paul had written "Lady Madonna" and John "Across the Universe". Both tracks were recorded along with George's "The Inner Light" and Lennon & McCartney's "Hey Bulldog" between the 3rd and 11th of February.

Whilst the basic track was successfully recorded on the 4th February, John wasn't satisfied with the feel of the track. Several innovations were tried, including blowing through comb onto paper and humming to add texture to the track, and the addition of a pedal guitar and tambora. In the end the group called in the services of Lizzie Bravo and Gayleen Pease, two of the so-called Apple scruffs (the female fans who collected outside the studio) to add harmony vocals.

The track was mixed to mono and put aside as the group had decided to release "Lady Madonna" and "The Inner Light" as the single. On their return from India the group set about recording the many songs they had written there, and "Across the Universe" remained on the shelf. In the autumn of 1968 The Beatles seriously considered releasing an EP including most of the songs for the Yellow Submarine album including "Across the Universe" and went as far as having the EP mastered. However, the recent trip to India had soured Lennon on transcendental meditation and eastern spiritualism and the song's mantra-type refrain already seemed outdated; his White Album contributions were much more angry and hard-edged.

During the February 1968 recording sessions, Spike Milligan dropped into the studio and on hearing the song suggested the track would be ideal for release on a charity album he was organizing for the World Wildlife Fund. At some point in 1968 The Beatles agreed to this proposal, and track was mixed into stereo for the first time by George Martin. The original mix (mono and stereo) is 3:37. For the 'wildlife' album it was deemed appropriate to add sound effects of birds at the beginning and end of the track. After the effects were added the track was sped up; so that even with 20 seconds of effects the track is only 3:49. The song was first released in this version on the Regal Starline SRS 5013 album No One's Gonna Change Our World, in December 1969.

Though never satisfied with the recording, John was still attached to the song, and played it during the Get Back/Let It Be album sessions of January 1969; footage of John playing the song appeared in the Let It Be movie. To ensure the album tied in with the film it was decided the song must be included on what by January 1970 had become the Let it Be album. Also, Lennon's contributions to the sessions were sparse, and this unreleased yet very strong piece was seen as a way to fill the gap.

Glyn Johns remixed the February recording giving it an acoustic treatment and restoring the correct speed. However, as neither of the Glyn Johns Get Back albums were officially released, the version most people are familiar with came from Phil Spector. In line with the treatment of several tracks, Spector slowed the track to 3:47, and added full orchestra and chorus backing to the February 1968 master.

An unreleased February 1968 alternate take of the song (recorded before the master), sans heavy production, appeared on Anthology 2 in 1996. This is often referred to as the "psychedelic" recording, due to the strong Indian tabla sound, and illustrates the band's original uncertainty over the best treatment for the song.

The February 1968 master was remixed (again) for inclusion on Let It Be... Naked in 2003, at the correct speed but stripped of most of the instrumentation.

Cover versions

The song has been covered by a multitude of artists, including.

  • Fiona Apple, featured in the film Pleasantville
  • David Bowie, on his album Young Americans, singing alongside John Lennon
  • Rufus Wainwright, featured in the film I Am Sam
  • 10cc
  • Behole
  • Lana Lane
  • Laibach (band)
  • Áine Minogue
  • Robyn Hitchcock
  • The Format
  • Texas, as a B-side to their 2001 single, "Inner Smile"
  • Ariane Moffatt, during a live concert
  • Ishle Park, Poet Laureate of Queens, NY

Sean Lennon played this with Moby and Rufus Wainwright at a 2001 John Lennon tribute at Madison Square Garden.

Another version was performed by a number of artists, including Billie Joe Armstrong, Bono, Steven Tyler, Brian Wilson, Tim McGraw, Scott Weiland, Alicia Keys, Alison Krauss, Norah Jones, and Stevie Wonder, backed by members of Velvet Revolver, at the 2004 Grammy Awards ceremony in February 2005. The following week, a recording of the performance was released exclusively for purchase through the iTunes Music Store. All proceeds from its sale go to December 26, 2004 Tsunami victim funds. Sales from the benefit release made it the fastest-selling download in iTunes history and allowed the song to peak at #22 on the Billboard singles chart.

Pink Floyd included a homage to the song in their acclaimed "Echoes": the line "inciting and inviting" is directly lifted from "Across The Universe". Roger Waters also recorded a cover of the song.

References

Books

  • Lewisohn, Mark (1988). The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions. Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 0-600-55784-7.
  • Lewisohn, Mark (1996). The Complete Beatles Chronicle. Chancellor Press. ISBN 0-7607-0327-2.
  • Sulpy, Doug & Schweighhardt, Ray (2003). Get Back: The Beatles Let It Be Disaster. Helter Skelter Publishing. ISBN 1-900-92483-8.
  • Songfacts "Across The Universe" entry
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Across_the_Universe"