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ARTICLES IN THE BOOK

  1. A Christmas Carol
  2. Advent
  3. Advent calendar
  4. Advent wreath
  5. Aguinaldo
  6. Ashen faggot
  7. Belsnickel
  8. Bethlehem
  9. Biblical Magi
  10. Black Friday
  11. Boxing Day
  12. Bubble light
  13. Buche de Noël
  14. Burgermeister Meisterburger
  15. Caganer
  16. Candy cane
  17. Christkind
  18. Christmas cake
  19. Christmas card
  20. Christmas carol
  21. Christmas cracker
  22. Christmas dinner
  23. Christmas Eve
  24. Christmas flowers
  25. Christmas gift-bringers around the world
  26. Christmas lights
  27. Christmas market
  28. Christmas music
  29. Christmas number one
  30. Christmas ornament
  31. Christmas pickle
  32. Christmas pudding
  33. Christmas pyramid
  34. Christmas seal
  35. Christmas stamp
  36. Christmas stocking
  37. Christmas stories
  38. Christmastide
  39. Christmas traditions
  40. Christmas trees
  41. Christmas village
  42. Christmas worldwide
  43. Companions of Saint Nicholas
  44. Cranberry sauce
  45. David Zancai
  46. Ded Moroz
  47. Ebenezer Scrooge
  48. Eggnog
  49. Elf
  50. Epiphany
  51. Father Christmas
  52. Frosty the Snowman
  53. Fruitcake
  54. Ghost of Christmas Past
  55. Ghost of Christmas Present
  56. Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come
  57. Gingerbread
  58. Gryla
  59. Heat Miser
  60. History of some Christmas traditions
  61. Hogmanay
  62. Holly
  63. Jack Frost
  64. Jolasveinar
  65. Joulupukki
  66. Julemanden
  67. Koleda
  68. La Befana
  69. Lebkuchen
  70. Little Christmas
  71. Marzipan
  72. Mince pie
  73. Mistletoe
  74. Mr. Bingle
  75. Mrs. Claus
  76. Mulled wine
  77. Nativity Fast
  78. Nativity of Jesus
  79. Nativity scene
  80. Nine Lessons and Carols
  81. North Pole, Alaska
  82. Nutcracker
  83. Olentzero
  84. Origins of Santa Claus
  85. Pandoro
  86. Panettone
  87. Panforte
  88. Pantomime
  89. Pčre Noël
  90. Poinsettia
  91. Regifting
  92. Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree
  93. Royal Christmas Message
  94. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
  95. Saint Nicholas
  96. Santa Claus
  97. Santa Claus Is Coming to Town
  98. Santa Claus on film
  99. Santa Claus parade
  100. Santa Claus' reindeer
  101. Santa Claus rituals
  102. Santa's Grotto
  103. Santon
  104. Secret Santa
  105. Snap-dragon
  106. Snow baby
  107. Snow Miser
  108. Star of Bethlehem
  109. Stollen
  110. The Grinch
  111. Tiny Tim
  112. Tio de Nadal
  113. Tomte
  114. Tree topper
  115. Turron
  116. Twelfth Night
  117. Twelve days of Christmas
  118. Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper
  119. Wassail
  120. Wassailing
  121. White Christmas
  122. Winter holiday greetings
  123. Winter holiday season
  124. Xmas
  125. Yule
  126. Yule Goat
  127. Yule Lads
  128. Yule log
  129. Zwarte Piet

 

 
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CHRISTMAS TRADITIONS
This article is from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_gift-bringers_around_the_world

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License 

Christmas gift-bringers around the world

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

Many fictional Christmas gift-bringers exist around the world.

Christmas gift-bringers around the world

Europe and North America

The Dutch Sinterklaas at his arrival in the town of Sneek in the northern Netherlands, in November 2005.
The Dutch Sinterklaas at his arrival in the town of Sneek in the northern Netherlands, in November 2005.
Image:USSR Postcard 21.jpg
Soviet-era Ded Moroz on a New Years postcard.
A white Dutch woman in blackface costume and afro wig as Zwarte Piet, Sinterklaas' helper.
Enlarge
A white Dutch woman in blackface costume and afro wig as Zwarte Piet, Sinterklaas' helper.

Throughout Europe and North America, Santa Claus is generally known as such, but in some countries the gift-giver's name, attributes, date of arrival, and even identity varies.

  • Austria: Christkind ("Christ child")
  • Belgium: "Santa Claus", called Pčre Noël by French speakers and Kerstman("Father Christmas") by Flemish speakers, is celebrated on Christmas day;Sinterklaas for the Flemish speakers, Saint Nicholas for the French speakers is celebrated on December 6th and his a distinct character with a more religious, catholic touch.
  • Bulgaria: Дядо Коледа (Dyado Koleda, "Grandfather Christmas"), with the Russian-borrowed version of Дядо Мраз (Dyado Mraz, "Grandfather Frost") being somewhat more widespread in Socialist times from the end of World War II until 1989 but generally out of favour nowadays
  • Canada: Santa Clause (among English speakers); Le Pčre Noël ("Father Christmas"), among French speakers
  • Croatia: Djed Božićnjak ("Grandfather Christmas"), used to be Djed Mraz (Grandfather Frost - Serbian term) before 1990, Mali Isus ("Baby Jesus"), Sveti Nikola ("Saint Nichlaus") bringing gifts or rod on December the 6th
  • Czech Republic: Ježíšek (diminutive form of Ježíš ("Jesus"))
  • Denmark: Julemanden
  • Estonia: Jőuluvana ("Old man of Christmas")
  • Finland: Joulupukki ("Yule Goat")
  • France: Le Pčre Noël ("Father Christmas"); Pčre Noël is also the common figure in other French-speaking areas)
  • Germany: Weihnachtsmann or Nikolaus ("Christmas Man"); Christkind in southern Germany
  • Greece: Άγιος Βασίλης ("Saint Basil")
  • Hungary: Jézuska or Kis Jézus ("child Jesus"); note that Mikulás ("Nicholas" as Santa Claus) has a separate feast day earlier (6th of Dec), puts candy in kids' boots (which are to be polished and put in the window), but Mikulás is never involved in Christmas.
  • Iceland: Jólasveinn. In Icelandic folktales, there are 13 Santa Clauses.
  • Ireland: Daidí na Nollag ("Father Christmas") among Irish speakers
  • Italy: Babbo Natale ("Father Christmas"); La Befana (similar role as Santa Claus; she rides a broomstick rather than a sleigh, although she is not normally considered a witch); Gesů Bambino ("Baby Jesus"); Santa Lucia (A child saint "operating" in the Northern regions, bringing gift on December the 12th. As well as the Befana, an old lady, comes out on the Epifany, Jan 6th)
  • Latvia: Ziemassvētku vecītis
  • Liechtenstein: Christkind
  • Lithuania: Kalėdų Senelis
  • Luxembourg: Klaussenhofer
  • Macedonia: Dedo Mraz
  • Netherlands "Santa Claus", called Kerstman ("Christmas Man"), is celebrated on Christmas day; Sinterklaas is celebrated on December 5th and his a distinct character with a more religious, catholic touch.
  • Norway: Julenissen
  • Poland: Święty Mikołaj / Mikołaj ("Saint Nicholas")
  • Portugal: Pai Natal ("Father Christmas")
  • Romania: Moş Crăciun ("Old Man Christmas")
  • Russia: Дед Мороз (Ded Moroz, "Grandfather Frost")
  • Scotland: Bodach na Nollaig (Scots Gaelic: Old Man of Christmas)
  • Slovakia: Ježiško (Refers to newborn(baby) Jesus); note that Mikuláš ("Nicholas" as Santa Claus) has a separate feast day earlier (6th of Dec), puts candy in kids' boots (which are to be polished and put in the window), but Mikuláš is never involved in Christmas
  • Slovenia: Bozicek
  • Spain: Papá Noel (Father Noel); the Tió de Nadal in Catalonia; Olentzero in the Basque Country. A more common and traditional christmas present-giving figure in Spain are "Los Reyes Magos" ("The Three Kings"; "Magi").
  • Serbian: Deda Mraz (Grandfather Frost)
  • Sweden: Jultomten ("The Yule/Christmas Gnome")
  • Switzerland: Christkind
  • Turkey: Noel Baba ("Father Noel")
  • United Kingdom: Santa Claus, also known as Father Christmas though they were originally two quite different people, and Father Christmas did not originally bring gifts
  • United States: Santa Claus; Kris Kringle; Saint Nicholas or Saint Nick
  • Wales: Siôn Corn

Latin America

Santa Claus in Latin America is generally referred to with different names from country to country.

  • Argentina: Papá Noel, El Nińo Dios
  • Brazil: Papai Noel
  • Chile: Viejito Pascuero
  • Colombia: El Nińo Dios ("God child"), Papa Noel
  • Costa Rica: San Nicolás or Santa Clos
  • Dominican Republic: Santa Clos/Papá Noe
  • Ecuador: El Nińo Dios ("God child"), Papá Noel
  • Mexico: Santa Claus (pronounced "Santa Clos"); El Nińo Dios ("God child," in reference to Jesus).
  • Peru: Papá Noel

East Asia

People in East Asia, particularly countries that have adopted Western cultures, also celebrate Christmas and the gift-giver traditions passed down to them from the West.

  • China: 圣诞老人
  • Hong Kong: 聖誕老人 (literally 'The Old Man of Christmas')
  • Indonesia: Santa Claus or Sinter Klass (from Netherland Pronunciation )
  • Japan: サンタクロース (Santa Kuroosu, or Santa-san)
  • Korea: 산타 클로스 (Santa Harabeoji, or "Grandfather Santa")
  • Philippines: Santa Claus
  • Taiwan: 聖誕老人 or 聖誕老公公 (both literally 'The Old Man of Christmas')
  • Thailand: ซานตาคลอส (Santa Claus)
  • Vietnam: Ông Giŕ Nô-en (literally 'The Old Man of Christmas')

Central Asia

  • India: ಸಾ೦ಟಾ ಕ್ಲಾಸ್ (in southern India)
  • Tatarstan: Qış Babay/Кыш Бабай (Winter Grandfather)
  • Uzbekistan: Qor Bobo (Snow Grandfather)

Africa and the Middle East

Christians in Africa and Middle East who celebrate Christmas generally ascribe to the gift-giver traditions passed down to them by Europeans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Descendants of colonizers still residing in these regions likewise continue the practices of their ancestors.[1]

  • Egypt: Baba Noel
  • Iran: Baba Noel
  • Israel: סנטה קלאוס
  • South Africa: Sinterklaas; Father Christmas; Santa Claus

Oceania

  • Australia: Santa Claus
  • New Zealand: Santa Claus

See also: Christmas worldwide

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_gift-bringers_around_the_world"