WIKIBOOKS
DISPONIBILI
?????????

ART
- Great Painters
BUSINESS&LAW
- Accounting
- Fundamentals of Law
- Marketing
- Shorthand
CARS
- Concept Cars
GAMES&SPORT
- Videogames
- The World of Sports

COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
- Blogs
- Free Software
- Google
- My Computer

- PHP Language and Applications
- Wikipedia
- Windows Vista

EDUCATION
- Education
LITERATURE
- Masterpieces of English Literature
LINGUISTICS
- American English

- English Dictionaries
- The English Language

MEDICINE
- Medical Emergencies
- The Theory of Memory
MUSIC&DANCE
- The Beatles
- Dances
- Microphones
- Musical Notation
- Music Instruments
SCIENCE
- Batteries
- Nanotechnology
LIFESTYLE
- Cosmetics
- Diets
- Vegetarianism and Veganism
TRADITIONS
- Christmas Traditions
NATURE
- Animals

- Fruits And Vegetables



ARTICLES IN THE BOOK

  1. Adobe Reader
  2. Adware
  3. Altavista
  4. AOL
  5. Apple Macintosh
  6. Application software
  7. Arrow key
  8. Artificial Intelligence
  9. ASCII
  10. Assembly language
  11. Automatic translation
  12. Avatar
  13. Babylon
  14. Bandwidth
  15. Bit
  16. BitTorrent
  17. Black hat
  18. Blog
  19. Bluetooth
  20. Bulletin board system
  21. Byte
  22. Cache memory
  23. Celeron
  24. Central processing unit
  25. Chat room
  26. Client
  27. Command line interface
  28. Compiler
  29. Computer
  30. Computer bus
  31. Computer card
  32. Computer display
  33. Computer file
  34. Computer games
  35. Computer graphics
  36. Computer hardware
  37. Computer keyboard
  38. Computer networking
  39. Computer printer
  40. Computer program
  41. Computer programmer
  42. Computer science
  43. Computer security
  44. Computer software
  45. Computer storage
  46. Computer system
  47. Computer terminal
  48. Computer virus
  49. Computing
  50. Conference call
  51. Context menu
  52. Creative commons
  53. Creative Commons License
  54. Creative Technology
  55. Cursor
  56. Data
  57. Database
  58. Data storage device
  59. Debuggers
  60. Demo
  61. Desktop computer
  62. Digital divide
  63. Discussion groups
  64. DNS server
  65. Domain name
  66. DOS
  67. Download
  68. Download manager
  69. DVD-ROM
  70. DVD-RW
  71. E-mail
  72. E-mail spam
  73. File Transfer Protocol
  74. Firewall
  75. Firmware
  76. Flash memory
  77. Floppy disk drive
  78. GNU
  79. GNU General Public License
  80. GNU Project
  81. Google
  82. Google AdWords
  83. Google bomb
  84. Graphics
  85. Graphics card
  86. Hacker
  87. Hacker culture
  88. Hard disk
  89. High-level programming language
  90. Home computer
  91. HTML
  92. Hyperlink
  93. IBM
  94. Image processing
  95. Image scanner
  96. Instant messaging
  97. Instruction
  98. Intel
  99. Intel Core 2
  100. Interface
  101. Internet
  102. Internet bot
  103. Internet Explorer
  104. Internet protocols
  105. Internet service provider
  106. Interoperability
  107. IP addresses
  108. IPod
  109. Joystick
  110. JPEG
  111. Keyword
  112. Laptop computer
  113. Linux
  114. Linux kernel
  115. Liquid crystal display
  116. List of file formats
  117. List of Google products
  118. Local area network
  119. Logitech
  120. Machine language
  121. Mac OS X
  122. Macromedia Flash
  123. Mainframe computer
  124. Malware
  125. Media center
  126. Media player
  127. Megabyte
  128. Microsoft
  129. Microsoft Windows
  130. Microsoft Word
  131. Mirror site
  132. Modem
  133. Motherboard
  134. Mouse
  135. Mouse pad
  136. Mozilla Firefox
  137. Mp3
  138. MPEG
  139. MPEG-4
  140. Multimedia
  141. Musical Instrument Digital Interface
  142. Netscape
  143. Network card
  144. News ticker
  145. Office suite
  146. Online auction
  147. Online chat
  148. Open Directory Project
  149. Open source
  150. Open source software
  151. Opera
  152. Operating system
  153. Optical character recognition
  154. Optical disc
  155. output
  156. PageRank
  157. Password
  158. Pay-per-click
  159. PC speaker
  160. Peer-to-peer
  161. Pentium
  162. Peripheral
  163. Personal computer
  164. Personal digital assistant
  165. Phishing
  166. Pirated software
  167. Podcasting
  168. Pointing device
  169. POP3
  170. Programming language
  171. QuickTime
  172. Random access memory
  173. Routers
  174. Safari
  175. Scalability
  176. Scrollbar
  177. Scrolling
  178. Scroll wheel
  179. Search engine
  180. Security cracking
  181. Server
  182. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
  183. Skype
  184. Social software
  185. Software bug
  186. Software cracker
  187. Software library
  188. Software utility
  189. Solaris Operating Environment
  190. Sound Blaster
  191. Soundcard
  192. Spam
  193. Spamdexing
  194. Spam in blogs
  195. Speech recognition
  196. Spoofing attack
  197. Spreadsheet
  198. Spyware
  199. Streaming media
  200. Supercomputer
  201. Tablet computer
  202. Telecommunications
  203. Text messaging
  204. Trackball
  205. Trojan horse
  206. TV card
  207. Unicode
  208. Uniform Resource Identifier
  209. Unix
  210. URL redirection
  211. USB flash drive
  212. USB port
  213. User interface
  214. Vlog
  215. Voice over IP
  216. Warez
  217. Wearable computer
  218. Web application
  219. Web banner
  220. Web browser
  221. Web crawler
  222. Web directories
  223. Web indexing
  224. Webmail
  225. Web page
  226. Website
  227. Wiki
  228. Wikipedia
  229. WIMP
  230. Windows CE
  231. Windows key
  232. Windows Media Player
  233. Windows Vista
  234. Word processor
  235. World Wide Web
  236. Worm
  237. XML
  238. X Window System
  239. Yahoo
  240. Zombie computer
 



MY COMPUTER
This article is from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_divide

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License 

Digital divide

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

The digital divide is the gap between those with regular, effective access to digital technologies and those without. In other words, those who are able to use technology to their own benefit and those who are not.

Dimensions of the divide

The digital divide is not a clear single gap that divides a society into two groups. Researchers report that disadvantages can take such forms as lower-performance computers, lower-quality or high-priced connections (i.e. narrowband or dialup connections), difficulty in obtaining of the Internet and technological advances in developing economies. Many people can get low cost access in local Internet Cafes, but the evidence still suggest that people are much more likely to make regular use of an Internet connection at home than anywhere else.[1] Today the discussion is moving from the technologies themselves to skills and literacy. Training people in computer skills entails teaching them to read and write first and then how to search and use information effectively but regular practice and the access to practice will still be a limiting factor.


 

Another key dimension of the Digital Divide is the global digital divide, reflecting existing economic divisions in the world. This global digital divide widens the gap in economic divisions around the world. Countries with a wide availability of internet access can advance the economics of that country on a local and global scale. In today's society, jobs and education are directly related to the internet. In countries where the internet and other technologies are not accessible, education is suffering, and uneducated people cannot compete in our global economy. This leads to poor countries suffering greater economic downfall and richer countries advancing their education and economy. The digital divide is a term used to refer to the gap between people who have access to the internet (The information haves) and those that do not (The information have nots). It can also refer to the skills people have – the divide between people who are at ease using technology to access and analyse information and those who are not.

Related Issues

Other issues include the following:

  • gender issues
  • disability issues
  • role of language
  • cultural inequality regarding the content available on the World Wide Web
  • the role of educators in reducing the digital divide in the classroom

The United Nations is aiming to raise awareness of the divide by way of the World Information Society Day which takes place yearly on May 17.

National interest and social benefit

There are a variety of arguments about why closing the digital divide is important. The major arguments are as follows:

  1. Economic equality: Some think that access to the Internet is a basic component of civil life that some developed countries aim to guarantee for their citizens. Telephone service is often considered important for the reasons of security. Health, criminal, and other types of emergencies may indeed be handled better if the person in trouble has access to a telephone. Also important seems to be the fact that much vital information for education, career, civic life, safety, etc. is increasingly provided via the Internet, especially on the web. Even social welfare services are sometimes administered and offered electronically.
  2. Social mobility: If computers and computer networks play an increasingly important role in continued learning and career advancement, then education should integrate technology in a meaningful way to better prepare students. Without such offerings, the existing digital divide disfavors children of lower socio-economic status, particularly in light of research showing that schools serving these students in the USA usually utilize technology for remediation and skills drilling due to poor performance on standardized tests rather than for more imaginative and educationally demanding applications.
  3. Social equality: As education integrate technology, Societies such as in the developing world should also integrate technology to improve the girl-child life. This will reduce the gender inequalities. Access to information through internet and other communication tools will improve her life chances and enable her to compete globally with her Contemporaries even in the comfort of her rural settings.
  4. Democracy: Use of the Internet has implications for democracy. This varies from simple abilities to search and access government information to more ambitious visions of increased public participation in elections and decision making processes. Direct participation (Athenian democracy) is sometimes referred to in this context as a model.
  5. Economic growth: The development of information infrastructure and active use of it is inextricably linked to economic growth. Information technologies in general tend to be associated with productivity improvements even though this can be debatable in some circumstances. The exploitation of the latest technologies is widely believed to be a source of competitive advantage and the technology industries themselves provide economic benefits to the usually highly educated populations that support them. The broad goal of developing the information economy involves some form of policies addressing the digital divide in many countries with an increasingly greater portion of the domestic labor force working in information industries.

Digital divide in the context of e-democracy

The theoretical concepts of e-democracy are still in early development but in practice 'blogs (web logs), Wikis and mailing lists are having significant effects in broadening the way democracy operates. There is no consensus among scholars, about the possible outcomes of this revolution in the realm of state operations. One of the main problems associated with the digital divide and liberal democracy, is linked to the capacity to participate in e-government. At the extreme, exclusively ICT based democratic participation (deliberation forums, e-voting etc) would mean that no access meant no vote. There is therefore a risk that some social groups will be under-represented or others over-represented in the policy formation processes and this would be incompatible with the equality principles of democracy.

Overcoming the digital divide by FLOSS software and Open access to knowledge

Many devotees of the Open content, FLOSS and Open access movement hope that the outcome of their activities will help or has already helped decrease the digital divide. Projects like One Laptop per Child aim to reduce the digital divide, yet they would hardly be possible without the existence of open standards and free open source software.

External links

  • REN and Bangladesh Digital Divide via Divided Higher Education
  • University Libraries in Bangladesh With and Without Digital Library Access
  • The Pew Internet & American Life Project tracks internet usage in the United States. Their 5/28/2006 report found a 40% increase in broadband usage from 2005 to 2006, mostly among 'middle' Americans.
  • Digital Divide Network
  • Community Technology Centers' Network
  • Bridging the digital divide: An opportunity for growth for the 21st century Strategy White Paper
  • EU policies EurActiv.com
  • EU study reveals big digital divide in Europe Xinhua. 2005-11-15.
  • World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
  • A Site on The Digital Divide
  • Digaria Digital Divide Project of Rotary International's International Fellowship of Digital Technology Rotarians
  • The Analog Divide: Technology Practices in Public Education. (Research article)
  • The Information Society - The way to equitable globalisation and development? News reports and features by IPS Inter Press Service

UNDP-APDIP Books

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
The Information Age
  • The Information Age

This e-primer provides a comprehensive review of the digital and information and communications technology revolutions and how they are changing the economy and society. The primer also addresses the challenges arising from the widening digital divide.

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
ICT in Education
  • ICT in Education

This e-primer provides comprehensive information on the types of ICTs utilized in education with focus on e-learning, and learner – centered environment. ICTs effectiveness in education in terms of how ICT can improve quality of education, issues in the use of ICTs in education with reference to cost, and access, as well as, key challenges in integrating ICTs in education are also identified.

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
e-Government
  • e-Government

This e-primer provides comprehensive information on the importance of e-government. Details on the goals of e-government, challenges, approaches to a national strategic framework, e-readiness assessment, and public – private partnership involvement are also defined.

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
Genes, Technology and Policy
  • Genes, Technology and Policy

This e-primer provides comprehensive information on the science of biotechnology with emphasis on the biotechnology applications in medicinal areas such as drug production, genetic therapy, and biotechnology applications in agricultural areas with focus on genetically modified (GM) foods, and international agreement policies. Access to and ownership of biotechnology is also discussed.

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
Internet Governance
  • Internet Governance

This e-primer provides comprehensive information on the development and concepts of Internet Governance. Details on various Internet governance models, and concepts, issues of Internet governance at the infrastructure, logical, and content layers, role of “trust”, and self-governance, as well as the future, and best practices.

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
Legal and Regulatory Issues in the Information Age
  • Legal and Regulatory Issues in the Information Age

This e-primer provides comprehensive information on the UNCITRAL Model Law, different legislative approaches towards electronic documentation, signatures, and authentication. The legal and regulatory issues around intellectual property, domain name disputes, consumer privacy / protection, as well as cybercrimes, and censorship are also identified.

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
Nets, Webs and the Information Infrastructure
  • Nets, Webs and the Information Infrastructure

This e-primer provides comprehensive information on the various technologies utilized to improve the contents, and infrastructure of the Internet such as references to wireless technologies such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, as well as broadband, and mobile wireless devices. Topics on viruses, privacy, and security issues related to the same are also identified. Also, Government involvement in the digital divide with reference to policies on utilizing open source, and promoting convergence of technology with respect to infrastructure are also defined.

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
Information and Communication Technologies for Poverty Alleviation
  • Information and Communication Technologies for Poverty Alleviation

This e-primer provides comprehensive information on information technologies capable of alleviating poverty. Development strategies are discussed with reference to the use of ICTs, experiences, and lessons learned, as well as a policy framework for sustainable poverty alleviation. Case studies on applying ICT for poverty alleviation are also provided as examples.

Wikibooks
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of
E-Commerce and E-Business
  • E-Commerce and E-Business

This e-primer provides comprehensive information on e-commerce, e-business, its applications, and usages in developing countries. Specific consideration is given to different types of e-commerce such as B2B, B2C, B2G, C2C, and M-Commerce. Issues in e-commerce, with briefs on current e-commerce practices in developing countries are identified. Definitions, and concepts on e-banking, e-tailing, and online publishing, as well as information on the role of women, and role of government are provided.

See also

  • Knowledge divide

References

  1. ^ 'Statistics' CitizensOnline.org.uk (2006). Retrieved 27 August 2006.

External links

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_divide"